新视野大学英语一第四单元单词

『壹』 新视野大学英语第一册第四单元课文翻译

如何给人留下好印象

有研究显示，我们对他人的判断是根据我们最初遇到他们的七秒钟里所进行的无声交流形成的。无论是有意识还是无意识，我们都会用我们的眼神、面部表情、形体动作和态度来表现我们的真实情感，从而使他人产生从舒适到害怕等一连串反应。
想想那些让你最为难忘的会面：被介绍给你未来的妻子或丈夫、一次求职面试、与陌生人的一次邂逅。将注意力集中在最初的七秒钟，你当时有何感想？你是如何“解读”他人的？你认为他又是如何解读你的？
你本人就是信息。25年来，我在工作中和数千个想要成功的人打过交道。我帮助他们，使他们所作的演讲有说服力，教他们如何回答不友好的提问，以及如何与人更有效地沟通。而所有这一切的秘诀都在于要懂得你本人就是信息。
如果你能利用你的优点，别人就会愿意跟你在一起，并且愿意帮助你。这些优点包括：外表、活力、语速、语音语调、手势、眼神，以及使他人对你保持兴趣的能力。别人对你的印象就是根据这些因素形成的。
想想有哪几次你确切知道你给人留下了好印象。你成功的原因又是什么？那是因为你对你所谈论的事情非常投入，你当时完全沉浸其中，以至于完全没有了羞涩的感觉。
保持自我。许多指导性的书籍会建议你大步走进一个房间，用你的优点给别人留下深刻印象。他们会教你以 “有力的握手”问候他人，并且告诉你要用双眼注视对方。可你如果遵循了所有这些建议，你会让所有的人都受不了——包括你自己。
诀窍在于要始终如一地保持自我，保持最佳状态的自我。给人印象最深的那些人从不随着情境的变化而改变自己。无论是在与人交谈时，在园艺俱乐部上发表演说时，还是在求职面试中，他们的表现都是一样的。他们全身心地与人交流；他们的音调和手势与他们说的话保持着一致。
然而，演说家常常会传递一些混合不清的信息。我最喜欢用来作例子的一类演说家是那些边看自己的鞋子边说“女士们、先生们，我很高兴来到这里”的人。他们看上去并不高兴。他们看上去气愤、恐惧或沮丧。
听众总是相信自己的亲眼所见胜过耳闻。他们会想，“他告诉我他很高兴，可他并不是这样。他并没有说实话。”
用你的眼睛。不管你是和一个人交谈，还是对一百个人发表讲话，始终记住你要看着他们。有些人在开始说话时会直视你，但一句话刚说了几个字，他就会中断与你目光的接触，把目光移向窗外。
当你走进房间时，目光从容地扫视；然后直视房间里的人，并对他们微笑。微笑是很重要的，它表明你很放松。有人认为走进一个有很多人的房间就像走进一个狮子笼。我不同意这种说法。就算我同意，我也肯定不会看着自己的脚或是天花板。我会注视那头狮子。
别太当真。一次在员工会议上，一位娱乐业最有影响的董事长由于一些微不足道的问题大发雷霆，责备每一位员工，为能使员工害怕自己而感到满足。当他走向我，对我喊道，“还有你，艾尔斯，你在忙些什么？”
我说：“你是说现在？今晚？还是在我的余生中？”之后有片刻的沉默。接着董事长仰头放声大笑。其他人也跟着笑起来。幽默可以打破尴尬场合中的紧张气氛。
如果一定要我用几个字说出我的建议的话，那就是“别太当真”!你总会发现有一些人对待自己太过认真。他们通常不是在沉思，就是在滔滔不绝地谈论自己。
仔细地观察一下你自己，你说“我”的次数是否过多？你通常是否将注意力集中在你个人的问题上？你是否经常抱怨？对于上述问题，哪怕只有其中一个你给出的是肯定的回答，那么你就需要“别太当真”了。为了让别人感到自在，你自己先要表现得轻松。不必作出大的改变，只需要保持自我。你本身已具备了给人留下良好印象的能力，因为要保持你的自我，只有你自己才能做得好，谁也代替不了你。

『贰』 新视野大学英语unit4单词文本

NEW WORDS

impression
n. 1. the effect proced in sb.'s mind 印象，效果
2. an idea or opinion that one forms about sth. 感觉，感想

conscious
a. 1. realizing sth. 感觉到，意识到
2. fully awake; knowing what is happening around 处于清醒状态，有知觉的

consciously
ad. 意识到地，感觉到地，神志清楚地

unconsciously
ad. 无意识地，无感觉地，神志不清地

self-conscious
a. 1. nervous or embarrassed about the way one looks or appears 不自然的，难为情的，忸怩的
2. strongly aware of who or what one is or what one is doing 有自我意识的

self-consciousness
n. 害羞，忸怩；自我意识

attitude
n. 1. a position of the body 姿势，姿态
2. the way one thinks and feels about sth. or sb. 态度，看法

reaction
n. 1. the way a person reacts to something 反应
2. a course of change that occurs when two or more kinds of matter are put together 反应，作用

range
v. 1. occur (between certain limits)（在一定幅度或范围内）变动，变化
2. put things in rows; order in a line or lines 排列；把……排成行
n. 1. a choice; a variety 种类；广泛（性）
2. the distance over which an object can be sent or thrown; the distance over which a sound can be heard, etc. 射程；距离，范围

introction
n. 1. the introcing of one person to another 介绍，（正式）引见
2. the introcing of sth. 引进，采用

▲spouse
n. a husband or wife 配偶（指夫或妻）

interview
n. 1. a meeting and discussion with sb. seeking a job, etc.（对求职者等的）面谈，面试
2. a discussion in which a television or radio reporter asks a person questions that he thinks listeners would like to hear the answers to （记者等的）采访，访谈
vt. question a person in an interview 对……进行面谈（或面试）；对……采访

encounter
n. a meeting with sb. that happens by chance 意外（或偶然）相遇
vt. meet or have to deal with (sth. bad, esp. a danger or difficulty) 遇到，遭遇（尤指危险或困难）

focus
v. direct attention, etc. to one point 使（注意力）集中

▲persuasion
n. the act of making sb. do sth., or not do sth., by arguing with them and advising them 说服，劝说

persuasive
a. able to persuade sb. to do or believe sth. 有说服力的，能使人相信的

presentation
n. the presenting of sth. 表现，描述

physical
a. 1. having to do with one's body 身体的，肉体的
2. having to do with things that can be seen 物质的，有形的，实物的

appearance
n. 1. what can be seen of a person, thing, etc. 外观，外貌，外表
2. the act of beginning to exist or becoming within one's reach 出现

rate
n. 1. the speed with which sth. happens or is done 速度，速率
2. the number of occasion within a certain period of time when sth. happens 比率，率

pitch
n. the highness or lowness of a voice or a musical note（说话等）声音（或音调）的高低度；音高

tone
n. the quality of a sound, esp. of the human voice 音调，音

gesture
n. a movement of the hand, head, etc. that expresses something 手势，示意动作

absorb
vt. 1. hold sb.'s attention completely or interest sb. greatly 吸引……的注意力，使……感兴趣
2. take in and hold sth. 吸收

▲stride
vi. walk with long steps, often because one is feeling very sure and determined 大踏步走，阔步行进
n. a long step 大步；步态，步法

impress
vt. make sb. feel admiration and respect 给……深刻的印象，使钦佩

consistent
a. 1. always having the same opinions, standard, behaviour, etc. 一贯的
2. agreeing 一致的

consistently
ad. 一贯地，一直

speaker
n. a person who makes a speech to a group of people 演讲者，演说家

depress
vt. make sb. unhappy 使抑郁，使沮丧

audience
n. a group of people who watch or listen to a play, concert, speech, the television, etc. 观众，听众

contact
n. 1. a state in which two people or things touch each other 接触
2. communication with a person, official group, country, etc. 接触，联系，交往

relax
v. make or become less worried or stressed; spend time not doing very much 使（困难等）减少；（使）休息，放松

■lighten
v. make or become less heavy or forceful 减轻，放松

entertainment
n. things that interest and humour people 娱乐；供消遣的东西

roar
vi. make a loud, deep sound 大声叫喊，咆哮

humor (英 humour)
n. the funny or pleasing quality or qualities of sb. or sth. 幽默，诙谐

▲brood
v. (over, on) worry, or think a lot about sth. that makes one sad （不快或怨忿地）想；忧伤；考虑

PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS

make up one's mind
decide 下定决心，打定主意

range from... to...
occur from...to... 从……到……（范围或幅度内）变化

focus on
direct (sth. such as one's attention) firmly on (a subject); pay attention to 使（注意力）集中在

drive sb. crazy
make sb. feel very angry or annoyed 逼得某人发疯或受不了

at one's best
in one's best state or condition 处于最佳状态，在全盛时期

communicate with
speak to; send a message to; be understood by (sb.) 与……交谈，与……交流

lighten up
sth. you say to tell sb. to stop being so serious or annoyed 放松，不要生气

take ...seriously
treat a thing or person as important 认真地对待

PROPER NAMES

Ailes
艾尔斯（人名）

Section B

NEW WORDS

statement
n. something that one says or writes, often officially 说话，叙述，声明

snap
a. done quickly and suddenly, often without careful thought 迅速的，突然的

judgment（英judgement）
n. 1. an opinion 看法，意见
2. the ability to form common sense opinions or to make wise decisions 判断力，识别力

▲seemingly
ad. in a way it appears; as if 从表面上看起来；似乎是

instant
a. immediate; happening suddenly or at once 立即的，即刻的；瞬间发生的

action
n. something one does 行为

assume
vt. accept or believe that sth. is true even though one has no evidence 假定；想当然认为，臆断

▲acquaint
vt. make someone or oneself familiar with or aware of 使认识，使了解

behavior (behaviour)
n. the way one acts or behaves 行为，举止

behavioral (behavioural)
a. concerning the behavior of an animal or a person, or the study of their behavior （关于）行为的；行为科学的

estimate
vt. figure out; judge 估计；判断

overestimate
v. think sth. is bigger or more important, etc. than it really is 过高估计，过高评价

obvious
a. easily seen or understood; clear 显然的，明显的

partial
a. not complete 部分的，不完全的

partially
ad. partly; not completely 部分地，不完全地

account
v. (for) explain or give a reason for 作出解释，提出理由，说明
n. 1. a report or description of sth. that has happened 记述，描述，报告
2. the plan by which a bank looks after your money for you 账户；交易关系

rub
vt. move one thing against another 擦，摩擦

aggressive
a. 1. using or showing force or stress in order to succeed 活跃有为的，积极进取的
2. ready or likely to fight or argue 挑衅的，侵略的

passive
a. not active; not showing any feelings or action 被动的；消极的

▲resent
v. feel angry about sth. because it is unfair （尤指因感到委屈、伤害等）对……表示忿恨，对……怨恨

resentful
a. feeling annoyed 充满忿恨的，怨恨不止的

function
n. the purpose or special ty of a person or thing 功能，作用，机能

social
a. 1. concerning the position of people in society 一定社会地位的
2. concerning how people or groups of people connect; about the order of society 社会的

status
n. one's social or work position when compared to other people 地位，身份

▲aspiration
n. (often pl.) a strong desire to have or do sth. （常用复数）强烈的愿望，志向

project
vt. 1. show or present (oneself or one's qualities) in a certain way 表明……特征，使呈现特性
2. plan 打算，计划
n. 1. a plan or secret plan 计划，规划
2. a piece of study or research （学术交流的）课题，作业，科研项目

promote
vt. 1. raise someone to a higher level or position 提升，晋升
2. encourage; help the progress of sth. 促进，增进

▲ornament
n. something added to make something else look better 装饰品，点缀品

medal
n. 奖牌，奖章，勋章

jewel
n. 宝石，宝石饰物；首饰

conviction
n. a very strong opinion or belief 坚定的信仰；确信

campaign
n. a plan to do a number of things in order to achieve a special aim 运动

belief
n. 1. an idea about faith, political ideas, etc. 信念，信仰
2. a feeling that sb. or sth. is true, good or right, or that sb. or sth. really exists 相信，信任

religious
a. 1. connected with faith 宗教的，宗教上的
2. having a strong belief in a faith 笃信宗教的，虔诚的

▲token
n. something that stands for or is a sign of something else 标志，象征

membership
n. the state of being a member 会员身份，会员资格

▲badge
n. 徽章，证章；标记，标识

achievement
n. something that is done successfully, esp. through hard work or skill 成就，成绩

economic
a. connected with the supply of money, trade, instry, etc. 经济的，经济上的

architecture
n. the style or kind of building 建筑式样，建筑风格

rigid
a. strict 严格的，死板的

▲norm
n. what people normally do or follow 准则

style
n. the way that sth. is done, built, etc. 样式，风格

life-style
n. the way one lives 生活方式

PHRASES AND EXPRESSIONS

lack of
not having enough of 缺乏，不足

find out
discover 找出，查明，发现

actions speak louder than words
one is judged by what he does, rather than what he says he will do 行动比言语更响亮；事实胜于雄辩

in relation to
concerning 有关，关于

become/be acquainted with
become/be familiar or friendly with 与……相识，了解

pick up
1. learn interesting or useful information 获得
2. learn a new skill or language by practicing it rather than being taught it 学会

in part
to some degree; not completely 在某种程度上；部分

account for
explain or give a reason for 作出解释，提出理由，说明

be/feel at home
be/feel comfortable 感到无拘束，感到熟悉

be content with
be satisfied or happy with 对……感到满足

a wealth of
a great quantity of 大量的，丰富的

PROPER NAMES

Phi Beta Kappa
PBK联谊会（美国大学优秀生和毕业生的荣誉组织，成立于1776年）；PBK联谊会会员

Victorian
connected with the time of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) （英国）维多利亚（女王）的，维多利亚时代的，维多利亚式的

『叁』 新视野大学英语读写教程第二版unit4单词

『肆』 新视野大学英语1第三版第四单元sectionatrantion翻译

新视野大学英语1第三版第四单元
New Horizon College English Third Fourth Edition 1 unit