英语初中下
『壹』 想学习下初中的英语。
1 一般现在时的用法
1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。
2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
3） 表示格言或警句。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
返回动词的时态目录
11.2 一般过去时的用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）
注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。
2）情态动词 could, would。
返回动词的时态目录
11.3 used to / be used to
used to + do："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：
Mother used not to be so forgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used to take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。
答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。
返回动词的时态目录
11.4 一般将来时
1） shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。
2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be proced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3） be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。
注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
返回动词的时态目录
11.5 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。
返回动词的时态目录
11.6 be to和be going to
be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划
返回动词的时态目录
11.7 一般现在时表将来
1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
3）在时间或条件句中。
返回动词的时态目录
11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。
11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have （has） +过去分词。
返回动词的时态目录
11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now等，皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语：for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语：this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。
2）This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。
典型例题
（1） ---Do you know our town at all?
---No, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
（2） ---Have you ____ been to our town before?
---No, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。
注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.
返回动词的时态目录
11.12 比较since和for
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。
注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有for/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.
2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years.
返回动词的时态目录
11.13 since的四种用法
1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six）。
2） since +一段时间+ ago。
3） since +从句。
4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。
返回动词的时态目录
11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1） 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如：
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）
I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）
2） 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。
典型例题
1. You don't need to describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。
2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。
返回动词的时态目录
11.15 过去完成时
1） 概念：表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2） 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
c. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。
3） 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she ___ in the office.
A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
注意： had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。
返回动词的时态目录
11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1） 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：
When she saw the mouse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。
2 ） 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3） 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
返回动词的时态目录
11.17 将来完成时
1） 构成will have done
2） 概念
a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。
b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。
返回动词的时态目录
11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
c. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如：
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
典型例题
My dictionary ___, I have looked for it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't find C. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。
返回动词的时态目录
11.19 不用进行时的动词
1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。例如：I have two brothers. 我有两兄弟。
This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。
2）表示心理状态的动词，如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。
3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。
4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。
返回动词的时态目录
11.20 过去进行时
1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3） 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。
I
典型例题
1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。
『贰』 初中七下英语
本题选C。考查内容来是dry相关短语自，这三个词较难区分：
dry out=to become completely dry 使……完全变干，彻底干透，（洗后）擦干（盘、杯、刀、锅等），强调的是water out，即把水分弄出去；还有一个意思是戒烟戒酒。
dry off=to come to an end；或烘干，弄干。比较经典的是游泳后dry yourself off擦干自己。不太常用。
dry up=to become dry on the surface 使……表面干燥，如湖水等干涸。最常考查！
本题句意为：江河湖泊可能干涸。故选C。
没记错的话这句话是Unit 4考察的吧～其实这三个词组很难记，我干脆就只记住湖泊干涸用up了。
『叁』 初中英语下
1 A。 a little 少量的，很少但是还是有
2 D，介词短语，做状语
3 C，不定式的否定形式
4 A，look 后面跟形容词，sell 后面需要副词
『肆』 初中英语帮下
79. She didn't want to be treated differently from other kids.
80. Dancing
81. 她家复中制没有人上过大学.
82. Sonya wants to be a doctor for kids and teach dance to children.
『伍』 初中英语，详解下
他扔掉_____和破碎了。dropped表示过去，扔的动作完成，broke表示已经破碎。
空格前有一个内the 表示后面跟的是容一个名词，所以4个选项中只有D是名词咖啡杯，所以选D
A是一杯咖啡，咖啡是不可能打碎的
『陆』 人教版小学英语初中英语全部下载
小学英语电子课本下载地址
http://www.pep.com.cn/xe/jszx/tbjxzy/pepxe/pepsa/dzkb/
初中英语电子课本内下载地容址
http://www.pep.com.cn/ce/czyy/qnjs/czyy/
『柒』 英语初中下作文
Mole 1 请描述一张你们一家人在公园玩时拍的照片，谈谈照片上你们都在做什么。
a photo of my family
This is a photo of my family. You can see three people in the photo--my father, my
mother and I. We are happy. We are in the park. Look! My father is eating food. My mother is drinking water. What about me? Please guess. Oh, I am playing with my dog. It is interesting. We are having a good time.
Mole 2 We are Getting Ready for Spring Festival
Spring Festival is coming. Everyone is getting ready for Spring Festival Look! Lingling is helping her mother make some mplings. Chinese people always like eating mplings at
Spring Festival. Lingling's father and brother are decorating the houses. Lingling's uncle is having a haircut. It's a tradition in China. Her old grandmother is sweeping the floor. She wants to sweep away the bad luck.
Mole 3 My weekend plan
Weekend is coming. On Saturday morning, I'm going cycling. On Saturday afternoon,
I'm going to do homework and play football. On Sunday morning, I'm going swimming. On
Sunday afternoon, I'm going to stay at home and read books. My weekend is great. What do
you think of it?
Mole 4 Our future school
Our future school will be interesting. We will have big classrooms, playgrounds and
libraries. We can have a good time there. Our future school will have computers on every
desk. Everyone will use computers to study. Teachers won't write on the blackboard with
chalks. We will write homework on the computers. We will send them to our teachers by email. It is great.
Mole 5 My hometown
My hometown is in Sichuan. It's in the southeast of Sichuan. It's very beautiful with
green trees, high mountains and long rivers. It's a small city with 300 thousand people. It's
on the Qujiang River. There are many beautiful mountains and churches. It's famous for
stone forests. Every year lots of people come to visit my hometown. They have a good time. Welcome to my hometown.
Mole 6 A letter
Thank you for your letter. My favourite sport is basketball and my favourite sport star
is Yao Ming. I think basketball is more interesting than football. Yao Ming is good at
playing basketball. He is cool. On weekends I often play basketball with my friends. What's
your favourite sport and who's your favourite sport star? Please tell me. Welcome to China
in this summer holiday. See you then.
Your friend,
Li Ming
期中 May Day
May Day is coming. We will have 3 days off. On the first day, I will stay at home and watch TV. It's fun. On the second day, I am going to Chongqing to play with my parents by train. It's cheap. There's a lot to see and to do there. Next, we will visit the zoo,go boating, and go shopping. We will have a good time. Then,I will go home, l will finish my homework. After that. I will play basketball with my friends. I think I will have a nice May Day.
Mole 7 My mother
My mother is a doctor. Her hospital is about ten kilometres away from our home. She
gets up at six o'clock every day, then she does exercise. After breakfast, she goes to work.
First, it takes her ten minutes to get to the bus station to ride a bike. Then she takes a bus to her hospital. The bus usually takes twenty minutes. My mother is very busy every day,
but she is very happy.
Mole 8 Lingling's School Day
Lingling got up at 6: 30. She had breakfast at 7: 00. She went to school at 7: 20. Classes
started at 8:00. She had lunch at 12:00. Classes finished at 5:30, She did homework at 6:00. This was one of her school days.
Mole 9 根据所提供的词汇，写一篇“守株待兔”的故事
Once there was a farmer. He didn't like to work. One day he went to his field. He was tired and slept under a tree. When he woke up, he found a hare next to him. It was dead. He was very happy and took it home. He cooked it and had a good meal. The next day he went to the field and sat under the same tree. He waited for a long time but there was no hare come again.
Mole 10 请描述朋友或父母过去的情况
My best friend is my mother. When my mother was young, she was poor. There were not any buses. So she went to school on foot. In the evening she watched TV. The TV wasn't in colour. She liked playing games when she was a child, but she didn't play computer games because there were no computers then. She only played outside with other children. My mother said life was hard at that time.
Mole 11 My favourite singer
Zhou Jielun is my favourite singer. His English name is Jay Chou. He was born on
January 18th. 1979. He finished school at Dan Jiang Middle School. He is tall. He has small
eyes. I think he is very cool. He lives with his mother. He is good at writing songs and
singing. He always appears in films and in ads（广告）. He is well known. Many people love him.
Mole 12 My holiday
I like travelling very much. Last summer holiday, my brother and I went to Beijing by
train. We went to the Tian'anmen Square and the Summer Palace. We went to the zoo. too.
We saw many different kinds of things. We were in Beijing for a week. We were very tired.
but we were happy. We had a very good time in Beijing.
期末1 请写一篇玲玲上学捡了一个钱包交给老师的作文
One day, Lingling went to school after breakfast. On her way to school she saw a wallet
lying on the ground and picked it up. When she got to school, she gave it to her teacher, Mr Liu. Mr Liu said. "" Thank you, Lingling, you are a good student. "
期末2 看图作文 Last Saturday
Last Saturday, I got up at six o'clock in the morning and washed. I had breaktast with
my father and mother. At about 8 o'clock, I started to do my homework. After finishing it,
I went online for a while. In the afternoon I had a picnic with my classmates in the People's
Park. Then I went to buy a shirt with my best friend. It was very beautiful, and I liked it
very much. In the evening, I watched cartoon on TV. I had a good time that day.
『捌』 新目标初中八下英语
我真不来知道怎么说你们 唉~自~
现在很多人都是靠语法学英语的 总以为语法学的好了分数就会高了 或英语就会变好了
我现在升高三了 从小学到现在一直都是强项 但是我不怎么学语法 我觉得这东西死太闷了 最多遇到什么不懂时借助语法来帮助理解 而不会作为一种学习英语的主要手段
至于我的最最主要的学习方法 就是兴趣（这东西我就不多说了，靠自己去体味英语） 其次就是多读 读得多了 印象就深了 自然见识也广了 到了一定程度就会发现很多语法现像根本不需要用语法去解释 因为它就应该这个样 别人问我一些题时总要我给他们解释 但我就是解释不出来（而我总能做对） 因为在我的脑海里 就应该这样用 没有什么好解释的
相同的道理 你小时候学汉语还不是因为天天说天天用才会到达今天这种水平 再说 你能够用语法来准确地解释中文的句子吗
最后还是告诉你 英语还是要多读多用 这是一门语言 不是死的 另外不要把学习英语当做一种任务！！
『玖』 初中英语。做一下
43-45 BCC
46-50 ABCDC
51 B