大学英语写作说明文

⑴ 大学英语竞赛要写议论文和说明文，两者结构和格式是怎样的有什么区别

只要你肯在复英语上面花功夫绝对制没有问题。下面我给你一些我个人认为有效的学习英语的方法，你根据自己的情况借鉴以下吧！ 1英语的学习没有捷径，靠的是你的积累，也就是说英语是积累性的学习，你要坚持。 2词汇是学习英语的基础，高考生要有5000的词汇量来应付高考，词汇的积累很重要，每天分配一些时间专攻一下词汇，并且要重复的去复习，这样单词的记忆才可以达到长期记忆的效果。 3通过读课文和做题来进行对于词汇以及语法的巩固和考察，这样你的学校效果会很明显的 4不要害怕自己学不好英语，不是你学不好而是你自己太给自己压力了，只要坚持每天一定的时间专攻英文，是肯定会有收获的，再加上你别的科目考的好一些，英语成绩也上去了，那么你的实力不是要增强很多吗？ 5坚持坚持再坚持，每天的时间自己可以进行调整的，但是一定每天都要坚持！祝你英语快快的进步，但是要一步一个脚印的好好走！加油！

⑵ 大学生写的英语说明文和描写文去哪里找啊

网络文库啊 那是个好东东 注册一个帐号可以下许多你需要的

⑶ 全国大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）说明文的三种写作方法与练习

可以去 中华英语学习网（100yingyu）上看看～～那里面有一些很好的英语专考试资料，应该会对你有帮助属，我们班上一般就在那里找资料，个人感觉很好～～
因为不能在这里面输入网址，你可以直接在网络中输入 中华英语学习网 搜索一下就出来了～～～

中华英语学习网

⑷ 跪求全英文说明文5篇(150字左右)

My computer

I have a computer ,it is a very new one ,and it is very expensive ,so I love it very much and often clean it .The computer is a white one ,and from it I can know many different but interesting things. I also play games on it .I paly computer very well .Do you like computers?And do you have a computer ?please tell me about your opinion.I love person who discuss computers with me .And one day I will be a computer programmer .

MY COMPUTER
I have a computer which was bought by my parents for my birthday present.It's a new one ,it's name is Lenove which was made in China.It can store and work with large quantities of information and can do hard mathematical problems fast and help a person work with word and pictures.
With this computer I have learn lot of knowledge of computer,besides it I can use it for learning and enterment such as chating with others,watching TV and playing games.It was so useful that I can help but like it very much.

⑸ 怎么写大学英语作文的万能结尾

1． 问题现状2． 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状)．Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一). For another -------------(解决方法二). Finally, --------------(解决方法三).

Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法). Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because --------------(带来的好处).

02：大学英语四级作文模板：对比选择型作文模板

When it comes to＿＿＿＿ ,different people hold different views .

Some contend that＿＿＿＿. For one thing,＿＿＿＿ .Foranother,＿＿＿ . In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ＿＿＿＿，They point out that＿＿＿＿ .Another instance often cited is that＿＿＿＿ .

It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue.As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments .It’s advisable to ＿＿＿＿＿＿.

03：大学英语四级作文模板：说明利弊题型

这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）

1． 说明事物现状

2． 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）

3． 你对现状（或前景）的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一). Besides -------------------（A的优点之二）.

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点)．To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点)．

Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore, I would like to ---------------(我的看法)．

(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测)．)

04：大学英语四级作文模板：现象解释型作文模板：

Recently, ＿＿＿＿What amazes us most is＿＿＿＿＿．It is true that ＿＿＿＿＿.There are many reasons explaining ＿＿＿＿＿＿．The main reason is＿＿＿＿＿ ，What is more, ＿＿＿＿＿，Thirdly, ＿＿＿＿＿．As a result, ＿＿＿＿＿．

Considering all these, ＿＿＿＿＿．For one thing, ＿＿＿＿For another, ＿＿＿＿．In conclusion, ＿＿＿＿．

05：大学英语四级作文模板：议论文的框架

(1) 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.

People,however,.Somepeoplehold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, thereis nodoubtthat ___观点二______.

As far as I am concerned, Ifirmlysupporttheviewthat __观点一或二______.Itis not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.

（2）利弊型的议论文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.

Just As a popular saying goes, "every coin has two sides", __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.

To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and rece the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.

( 3 ) 答题性议论文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)__作文题目_______ .It is really an important concern to every one of us. As a result, we must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.

As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this problem. First of all, __途径一______. In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving problem is ___途径二_____.

Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文题目______, we should find a number of various ways. But as far as I am concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say, ____方法_____.

( 4 ) 谚语警句性议论文

It is well know to us that the proverb: " ___谚语_______" has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also in our study. It means ____谚语的含义_______. The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as follows. ( also theoretically )

A case in point is ___例子一______. Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance to practice the proverb ____谚语_____.

With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use to stick to the saying: ____谚语_____. The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying, the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job..

06：大学英语四级作文模板：问题解决型作文模板：

With the ＿＿＿＿of＿＿＿＿，So it is of great importance for us to＿＿＿＿ . On the one hand＿＿＿＿, On the other hand＿＿＿＿,

However, we have figured out many ways to ＿＿＿＿＿．Firstly, ＿＿＿＿So long as＿＿＿＿ . Secondly＿＿＿＿, Thirdly＿＿＿＿．In fact＿＿＿＿, That is because ＿＿＿＿.

In a word,＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

07：大学英语四级作文模板：实用性写作(申请信)

I shall be much obliged if you will offer me a precious opportunity to an interview. I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/ I am looking forward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

Best regards for your health and success.

Sincerely yours,

08：大学英语四级作文模板：对比观点题型

（1） 要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1． 有一些人认为怎么样

2． 另一些人认为怎么样

3． 个人看法

The topic of ①-----------------（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say A is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------（支持A的理由一）What is more, ③-------------理由二). Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).

While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一). Secondly (besides),⑥------------------（理由二）. Thirdly (finally),⑦------------------(理由三).

From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------（我的观点）. The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因). As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice . [NextPage]

（2） 给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

Some people believe that ①----------------（观点一）. For example, they think ②-----------------（举例说明）．And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).

In my opinion, I never think this reason can be the point. For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一). For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二)．

Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)．

09：大学英语四级作文模板：现象说明文

Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.

There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.

What is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.

Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________

In Conclusion____________________.

一种事物或现象（负面意义倾向）

10：大学英语四级作文模板：阐述主题题型

要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述。

1． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义。

2． 分析并举例使其更充实。

The good old proverb ----------------（名言或谚语）reminds us that ----------------(释义). Indeed, we can learn many things form it.

First of all,-----------------(理由一). For example, -------------------(举例说明). Secondly,----------------(理由二). Another case is that ---------------(举例说明). Furthermore , ------------------(理由三)．

In my opinion, ----------------(我的观点). In short, whatever you do, please remember the say------A. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you”ll necessarily benefit a lot from it. From Joozone.com.

⑹ 大学英语作文说明文开头怎么写微信

2016年中考已经进入倒计时,作文对语文成绩十分重要,一定要加强作文练习,多多积累,多看范文。下面就让我们欣赏一篇中考作文热点预测。励志类中考作文热点预测:困境助

⑺ 英语写作（议论文、记叙文、说明文）适用句型

一、… + …est + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + haveever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc） …the most + 形容词 + 名词 +（that）+ 主词 + have ever + seen（known/heard/had/read，etc） 例句： Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen. 海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。 Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had. 张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + …er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V 例句： Nothing is more important than to receive ecation. 没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、…cannot emphasize the importance of …too much.（再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过） 例句： We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much. 我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V …（不可否认的……） 例句： There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse. 不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子…（全世界都知道……） 例句： It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us. 全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子…（毫无疑问的……） 例句： There is no doubt that our ecational system leaves something to be desired. 毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of …is that + 句子（……的优点是……） 例句： An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create（proce）any pollution. 使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 …is that + 句子（……的原因是……） 例句： The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air./ The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us. 我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此……以致于……） 例句： So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it. 时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be，S + V…（虽然……） 例句： Rich as our country is，the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不} 虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The +…er + S + V，…the + …er + S + V… The + more + Adj + S + V，…the + more + Adj + S + V…（愈……愈……） 例句：Theharderyouwork，themoreprogressyoumake. 你愈努力，你愈进步。 Themorebooksweread，themorelearnedwe become. 我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By+Ving，…can…（借着……，……能够……） 例句：Bytakingexercise，wecanalwaysstayhealthy. 借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。 十三、…enable+Object（受词）+to+V（……使……能够……） 例句：. 听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、Onnoaccountcanwe+V…（我们绝对不能……） 例句：. 我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。 十五、Itistime+S+过去式（该是……的时候了） 例句： . 该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Thosewho…（……的人……） 例句：. 违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、Thereisnoonebut…（没有人不……） 例句：. 没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V（不得不……） 例句：，. 既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It isconceivablethat+句子（可想而知的） Itisobviousthat+句子（明显的） Itisapparentthat+句子（显然的） 例句： importantroleinourlife. 可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、Thatisthereasonwhy……（那就是……的原因） 例句：Summerissultry.Thatisthereasonwhy Idon'tlikeit. 夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、Forthepast+ 时间，S + 现在完成式。（过去……年来，……一直……） 例句：Forthepasttwoyears，. 过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式 例句：Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool，he hasworkedveryhard. 自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、Itpaysto + V……（……是值得的） 例句：Itpaystohelpothers. 帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、bebasedon（以……为基础） 例句： harmony. 社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Sparenoeffortto+V（不遗余力的） 例句：. 我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bringhometo+人+事（让……明白……事） 例句：. 我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、becloselyrelatedto…（与……息息相关） 例句：. 做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Getintothehabitof+Ving=makeitaruleto+V（养成……的习惯）
hours. 我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/Ving，…（因为……） 例句：Thankstohisencouragement，Ifinallyrealizedmydream. 因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、Whata+Adj+N+S+V！=How+Adj+a+N+V！（多么……！） 例句：！ ！ 遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三十一、Leavemuchtobedesired（令人不满意） 例句： tobedesired. 我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Haveagreatinfluenceon……（对……有很大的影响） 例句：. 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、dogoodto（对……有益），doharmto（对……有害） 例句：Readingdoesgoodtoourmind.读书对心灵有益。 Overworkdoesharmtohealth.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Poseagreatthreatto…（对……造成一大威胁） 例句：. 污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、doone'sutmostto+V=doone'sbest（尽全力去……） 例句：. 我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
1. When asked about…, most people say… But many other people regard…as… I personally think…当被问及对……有什么看法时，大多数人认为……但是，还有很多人认为……我个人认为……
2. When it comes to…, some people think that… Others argue that the opposite is true. There is probably some truth to both arguments, but…
涉及……这一问题，有的人认为应该……另一些人持相反意见。也许双方的观点都有一定道理，但是……
3. It is widely acknowledged that…contributed to… Experts argue that China must introce… But I doubt whether…alone will solve the problem。
人们普遍认为……专家认为中国必须推行……但我对仅仅……就能解决问题表示怀疑。
4. An increasing number of people are joining… In reaction to the phenomenon, some say… But do they realize that…can also lead to…
越来越多的人……进入了……针对这一现象，一些人认为……但是，他们有没有意识到……也能导致……
5. One of the pressing problem facing our nation (China) today is…and…
我们国家(中国)如今面临的紧迫问题之一是……
6. Perhaps the most dangerous phenomenon gripping the nation today is…
也许当今困扰国家的最危险的现象是……
7. Never before in history has the issue of…been more evident than now。
历史上，……的问题从来没有比现在更加突出。
8. Perhaps it is time to reexamine the idea that…
也许现在是应该重新考虑……的时候了。
9. A growing number of people are beginning to realize that…is not the sole prerequisite for happiness。
越来越多的人开始意识到……并不是幸福的唯一条件。
10. Years of observing human behavior has enabled me to conclude that the major difference between…and…lies solely with…
对人们行为的多年观察使我能够得出这样的结论：……和……的主要区别仅仅在于……
11. There has been undesirable trend in recent years towards… A recent survey showed that…percent of respondents ranked…as their top priority, compared to…percent only a few years ago. Why do people fail to realize that…?
近年来出现了对社会有害的……倾向。最近的一项调查表明，……的调查对象把……作为他们的首选，相比之下，就在几年前，只有……的人这样想。为什么人们没能意识到……不一定带来幸福呢？
12. I recently read a newspaper article on… The deplorable problem of…has aroused public concern nationwide。
最近，我在报纸上读到一篇关于……的文章。……的问题令人深感遗憾，它已经引起了全国公众的关注。
13. Judging from the reams of evidence presented, we can safely conclude that…
根据现有的大量证据，我们可以有把握地得出这样的结论：……
14.Along with the development of…, more and more…
随着……的发展，越来越多……
15.In the past few years, there has been a sharp growth/boom/decline in…
在过去几年内，……有显著增长/激增/明显滑坡……
16.The ample evidence presented enables us to reasonably conclude that…
提出的充分证据使我们能够合理地得出这样的结论：……
17.While the rhythm/pace/tempo of people’s living is speeding up, a lot of changes have taken place in…
人民生活节奏加快的同时，……也发生了很多变化。
18.With the fantastic spur both in instry and its economy in China, the number of…is on the rise
随着中国工业经济的迅猛发展，……的数目不断上升。
19.It is commonly believed that the rise in…is the inevitable result of economic development。
人们普遍认为，……的增长是经济发展的必然结果。
20.In recent years, China has experienced an alarming increase in…
最近几年来，中国……有了惊人的增长。
1我告诉他别乱动，否则照片没法拍了。
I told him to stay put long enough for the photo to be taken
2晚会结束后，女孩子们留下来帮助清扫。
Girls stayed behind after the party to help clean up
3我一心只想帮忙，忘记了人多反而误事。
I only wished to help， forgetting that it might turn out to be a case of too many cooks
4食堂的饭菜多得令人眼花缭乱，都不知道选什么好了。
There are always a large varieties of food and dishes at our dining hall We are spoiled for choice
5在众人面前发言总是令我紧张不堪。Speaking in front of a lot of people always gets on my nerves
6你会发现他这人一言九鼎。
You’ll find that he is just as good as his word
7我没那样讲过。我搞不懂他为什么硬说我讲过了。
I didn’t say that I couldn’t understand why he put words in my mouth)
8点龙虾呢还是要牛排呢，我吃不准。
I can’t decide between the lobster and the steak
9那件事最终促使我离职。
That decided me to leave my job
10我本想当画家的，但命运却为我另作了安排。
I had wanted to be a painter， but destiny decided otherwise
11他不会去的：他在这一点上相当坚决。
He won’t go: he’s quite decided about it
12他脸上流露着明显的内疚。
Guilt was written all over his face
13他的英语并没什么了不起的。
His English is nothing much to write home about
14司机在车祸中只受了轻伤，幸免于难，但汽车却完全报废了。
The driver survived the crash with minor injuries， but the car was completely written of.

⑻ 求英文说明文模板

英文说明文模板,从比较对照、分类、特征、因果、人物描写、地点描写、物体描写分别讲解，最后附上常用的句型。
说明文是对事情的发生、发展、结果、特征、性质、状态、功能等进行解释、介绍、阐述的一种文体。这类文章的目的和性质是客观地介绍、解释事物，使读者获得知识和信息，并不需要发表主张、做出证明。一般说来，知识简介，商品介绍，旅游指南，科技读物，工作总结，实验报告，教材辅导等均属说明文之列。
写说明文，可以按时间、空间、结构、逻辑顺序来写，也可以采取举例、比较、对比、分类、分析、说明、叙述等方法。
1.比较对照
比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：
1）逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。如：
There are basic differences between largeand small enterprises. In a small enterprise, you operated mainly throughpersonal contacts. In a large enterprise, you have established “policies” ,“channels” of organization, and fairly strict procere. In the smallenterprise you have immediate effectiveness in a very small area. You can seethe effect of your work and of your decisions ground. In the large organizationyou are normally taught one thing thoroughly. In the small one the danger is ofbecoming a Jack-of-all-trades-but-master-of-none. In the large it is ofbecoming the man who knows more and more about less and less.
2) 整块比较
It is easy to be a winner. A winner canshow his joy publicly. He can laugh and sing and dance and celebrate hisvictory. People love to be with winners. Winners are never lonely. Unlikewinners, losers are the lonely ones of the world. It is difficult to facedefeat with dignity. Losers can not show their disappointment publicly. Theycan not cry or grieve about their defeat. They may suffer privately, but theymust be composed in public. They have nothing to celebrate and no one to sharetheir sadness.
2.分类
分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。通过将一事物分类，可使复杂事物变得清晰明了，便于作者阐述自己的观点。
分类段落的各类排列要条理，可采用从主要到次要，从次要到主要，从多到少或从少到多等方式排列，亦可平行排列。如：
1） As far as political views are concerned, people fall into threecategories. First are the conservative people. Conservatives are opposed tosudden or great changes. Second are the liberal people.These people are infavor of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem to idealistic. Thethird type is the moderate people. The moderates keep everything withinreasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world. In my opinion,most people seem to belong to this group.
本段采用平行排列的方式，按人的政治观点分为三类：保守、自由和温和。
2) These are several reasons why I decidedtom attend Bingston University . First of all, the tuition is reasonable.Secondly, the university has a deferred payment plan., which lessons the loadof peasant families like mine. Another reason is that Bingston has the finestteachers in its graate program. My chief reason, however, is Bingston’sprogram in agriculture, my chosen field, which is recognized as the leader inthis area.
该段采用主次排列的方式，分析了作者决定上Bingston大学的原因。
3) According to Mr. Li, the fifteenstudents of his cLASS fall into three groups. Seven of them work hard and studywell. They always get good marks in examinations and are often praised by theteachers. Li calls them “good students”. The monitor, the secretary of theYouth League, and the captain of the cLASS volleyball team, are quick infinding out what their fellow students are interested in or what they should doas a collective. They always organize proper activities at the proper time. SoLi calls them “good organizers”. Four other students are very kind to theircLASSmates, always ready to lend them a helping hand. They help to clean thecLASSroom and the corridor even when they are not on ty. Li says that theyare “ good comrades”. “What about yourself?” someone asks him. “I’m a group bymy self ——a good observer”.
该段不同于以上两段，不是先分类再解释，而是先说明其特点，然后定义分类。虽分类并不科学，却达到了其幽默之目的。
3.特征
例证指具体说明人或事物特点、本质及其规律的方法。所用例子需有代表性、典型性。例证型段落的写作方式多为先提出主题再列举事例。在事例之前一般有For example或For instance。例证后面，根据情况还可以加上结论句。如：
In order to prevent non-smokers from beingaffected, measures must be taken to rece the chances of smoking. A lot ofwork can be done concerning this. For example, in some public places, such asin the theatres and cinemas, smoking should be forbidden. Even on the train orplane people should not be allowed to smoke. Doctors, teachers and governmentleaders should take the lead not to smoke. Above all, the harmfulness anddangers caused by smoking should be made known to all through newspapers,broadcast, or TV programs. Also the growing of tobacco and the proction ofcigarettes should not be encouraged. If these measures can be taken, we caneffectively rece the chances of smoking.
4 因果
因果是两个事物之间的关系。一些说明文，议论文通过分析因果关系说明一个中心思想。如不能把因果关系解释清楚，文章将无法说明任何主题。
因果型段落的扩展模式有两种，一是分类编法，另一个是连环编排法。如果只讨论成因或只讨论结果，细节比较简单，只需按其重要性或其逻辑顺序进行编排。分类编排法指先讨论原因，然后讨论结果；或先讨论结果，后讨论原因。
1）分类编排法：
Music is my chief hobby. When I listen tomusic, good things happen to me. If I am lonely or homesick, I listen to popmusic. The quick rhythm, the strong beats of drums lift my sprits. If I amfamiliar with a song, I will sing alone with it and my depression disappears.When I am bored or very tired, I listen to Mozart. His music makes me feelalive. Music also reminds me of home. Before I came to college, my sisters andI would listen to music and sing songs together and cheer us. Now I enjoylistening to music and singing with my roommates because their smiles make meremember the happy times with my family. For me, music is an excellent escape,and without it, I wouldn’t be so happy。
2) 连环编排法是先讨论一组因果，再一组因果，再一组因果，形成一个锁链。当因果紧密相连，前一果为后一果之因时，经常使用这种方式。
Students shouldn’t stay up so late. Becauseof the pressure of examinations, many students burn night candles. The nextday, they have to get enough sleep. As a result, many of them get sleepy inClASs. They couldn’t catch what the teacher says. Not having studied theirlessons well, they find it difficult to make good performance in examinations.So, it is not worthwhile to stay up late if you want to study well.
5.人物描写
人物描写包括外部特征、性格特征、思想状态、行为语言等，用于表现人物精神面貌、披露人物内心活动、揭示人物性格变化，借以突出作品主题思想。如：
My sister is a boyish girl. She has shortand straight hair like a boy’s. She likes white, black and grey colors, as mostboys do. She never cares for shirts, stockings but loves jackets and jeans.Sometimes she wears a men’s suit and leather shores as if she were a gentleman.Basketball and football are her favorite sports. She also enjoys watchingboxing. She always shouts and cheers excitedly when she is watching a footballmatch. When she is with her friends, she always says Ladies first” to othergirls. The most interesting thing is that she has been mistaken for a boy manytimes. And she is pleased with that. She always says that she should be a boy.
第一句作者明确表示他眼中的妹妹是个男孩子气十足的小姑娘。这样读者大都会在心中勾画出一种从长相、穿着到言谈举止都特男孩化的女孩。下文作者正是通过穿着、外貌和性格等方面向读者展现一个活生生的人物形象。
6.地点描写
地点描写指用生动形象的语言对某一地点、某一环境进行具体逼真的描绘，使读者如临其境、如睹其物。地点描写的对象可大可小，在可以为城市、国家，小可是一间教室，一个房间。
地点描写自然按空间顺序排列，作者应立足于一个出发点，由远及近，由近到远，从里到外，从外到里，由左到右，或由右到左进行描写，顺序不可混乱，否则读者会迷失方向。如下面一段作者从大门开始，由外向里逐步介绍学校的布置，读者如同跟着作者参观了一所校园。
Now I will show you around our school. Itis one of the largest middle schools in the city. When you step into the gate,you will see a beautiful flower bed before you. In the middle of the flower bedthere is a fountain with many colored flowers around it. If you walk along theschool road, you will come to the playground, on each side of which are rows oftrees. We often read books under the trees. On the right of the playground aretwo ClASsroom buildings. On the left is the newly-built four-storyed building.I’m lucky to study here. I love my school very much.
7.物体描写
描写物体时应侧重物的形状、规格大小、颜色和功能。任何一段文字都应有叙述的中心，对物的描写也不例外。同样，主题句也应反映出作者对所要描写物体的看法、态度。如：
The first thing I notice in the bride’sroom is the beautiful curtain. This curtain is patchwork in design, and is sewnout of squares of materials of different colors like white, light green, brownand orange. It is made of silk, trimmed with delicate braids. It is about sixfeet long and hangs from a wooden rail. The curtain matches perfectly with thedark wooden rail and furniture in the room.
通过主题句可以看出作者想向读者描写的是一幅漂亮的窗帘。
1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this．
2）The reasons for this are as follows．
3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek．
5）The reason for this is that．．．
6）We have good reason to believe that．．．

2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages．
2）It does us a lot of good．
3）It benefits us quite a lot．
4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．

3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages．
2）It does us much harm．
3）It is harmful to us．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．todo sth．
2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．

5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties．
3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．

6．表示变化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be proced in theworld’s communications．
3）The computer has brought about many changes inecation．

7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．．
2）No one can deny the fact that．．．
3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interestedin．
5）However，that’s not the case．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV．
3）There is a striking contrast between them．

9．表示数量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000．
3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．

10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudes towards sth．
2）People have different opinions on this problem．
3）People take different views of（on）the question．
4）Some people believe that．．．Othersargue that．．．

11．表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．

12．套语
1）It’s well known to us that ．．．
2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，itcan be seen that ．．．
5）As a proverb says，“Wherethere is a will，there is a way．

⑼ 英语说明文

An eraser is an article of stationery that is used for removing pencil markings. Erasers have a rubbery consistency and are often pink or white. Some pencils have an eraser on one end. Typical erasers are made from synthetic rubber, but more expensive or specialized erasers are vinyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. Cheaper erasers can be made out of syntheticsoy-based gum.

--http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eraser