美國第一移民時間原因英語
『壹』 美國移民歷史英文版
Referred to as \"ethnic melting pot\" of the United States is a typical immigrant country, the immigration history dates back to 1620 at the earliest. Nearly 400 years, the united nation has become a mixture composed of more than 100 national and even stands in New York \"the statue of liberty\" and \"immigrants\" from France in 1886 to the United States. Immigrants with their own dreams, travelled to the ideal land, in the United States has set off a few times in the history of immigration. It is no exaggeration to say, it is immigrants contributed to the United States, is the development of the immigration and changed America.
Attract immigrants once America's most important diplomatic mission
At the beginning of the founding of the people in the United States in the United States population of only 3.9 million. In addition to about 760000 black, the rest were almost all white, for the most part and from Western Europe. For fear of the Napoleonic wars in Europe and the domestic employment environment, at the beginning of the founding of the United States government on immigration policy, has formulated some restrictions on immigration policy. Between 1796 and 1815 European immigrants to the United States, on average, only about 3000 people a year.
Napoleon after the war, European regain peace. With a large number of military retired, Europe's increasingly serious unemployment, increasing the number of people immigrate to the United States. At this time, the United States is also e to the need of domestic construction, change the limit immigrants policy. In 1848 after the European revolution, immigrated to the United States is the wave of a wave height. For 1820 years from 1820 to 1920, some 33.5 million immigrants were accepted in the United States, form lasts one hundred years of immigration in the United States.
American historian called it \"the great human migration movement first immigrants orgasm occurred from 1820 to 1820, the total number of immigrants ring 5 million. Immigrants mainly from Western Europe and northern Europe, of which about 2 million Irish, German, about 1.7 million, there are a large number of sold to African slaves in the United States. At the same time, there are a few in the immigration from Asia, mainly to Chinese American gold rush.
The second immigration boom from 1861 to 1861, about 5 million immigrants arrived in the United States. After the civil war, the United States ushered in the peak of instrialization, the demand for labor. In order to attract European immigrants to the United States, in 1864, President Lincoln to lobby congress passed \"encourages foreign immigration act. Secretary of state seward and made a proclamation to diplomats from the United States in Europe, asked them to attract immigrants from Europe as one of the most important diplomatic mission. In order to recruit skilled workers to work in the United States from Europe, some enterprise groups to Europe recruiting. Them in many European newspaper advertising, printing brochures, with European settlers in desire to depict the tempting prospects. Some companies also for willing to immigrate to the United States of Europe provide the necessary money.
The third climax from 1881 to 1881, immigration soared to 23.5 million. Immigration peak is 1907 to 1907. In this stage, the U.S. government legislation for many times, European immigrants, reject Asian immigrants. From north-western Europe countries such as Britain, Germany, Sweden \"old immigrants\" growth is limited, but from Italy, Russia and other countries in southeast Europe \"new immigrants\" is growing rapidly.
Three times after the immigration, the United States in 1920 the total population of more than 100 million for the first time. From 1820 to 1920 in 1820, that the number of immigrants in the population growth in the number of more than 20%.
The fate of the immigrants changed America
These three times in the history of American immigration not only has had a profound influence on the formation of American national character, and makes the United States to rise quickly in a short span of more than one hundred years, replaced Britain as the world's largest economic power, and lays the foundation for later to become the world's superpower. Can say immigrants made us strong.
In immigration, the United States enjoy privileges, no need for ecation and training from Europe get tens of thousands of skilled workers. According to statistics, 1871-1892, immigrants from Western Europe and northern Europe, about 23% are skilled workers, they brought in iron and steel, textile and other instrial technology, become the important technical force of the instrial revolution in the United States.
Was the 7th President of the United States Jackson, known as the \"father\" of American manufacturing after Samuel Slater immigrated to the United States, with its steal the secret of Britain's textile instry, in the United States successfully copied out of the high efficient cotton spinning machine, and established the cotton mills, sounded the horn of the instrial revolution. The father of the telephone inventor Alexander Bell and telegraph Samuel Morse, and others are immigrants or descendants of immigrants. In addition, the Asian countries such as China, Japan and the Philippines immigration has brought agriculture and gardening technology, Italian immigrants in the gas, electricity, water and other municipal construction technology.
In these immigrants, 85% of people aged between 14 and 44, and in the majority with man. When young, these immigrants to the United States of cotton textile instry, mining, construction provides the Labour force. In the eastern U.S. state of tunnels and railway engineering, Irish, German, Italian and the northern europeans. In the early changed American politics and society face \"westward movement\", the role of the China labor also is significant.
In the railway construction as the center, the China labor expense, with blood and life in extremely harsh difficult conditions, successfully completed the construction of the western Pacific railroad across the United States. Today, along the railway in California can also see a Chinese metal plaque inscription, saying \"California, north and south. Chinese spirit, flesh with work '. As advocates of recruiting workers Ryan crocker said: \"the railway can finish, largely e to poor and despised the Chinese working class -- thanks to their loyal and hardworking.\" It later became a famous \"word history\" in the history of immigration to the United States.
Immigrants in the American civil war to save the union, contributed to the abolition of slavery. Europe after the 1848 revolution, a large number of rich German immigrants came to the United States military experience, these are known as \"1848 person of German immigrants,\" there are a lot of people became a republican and Lincoln's elite. They helped organize the federal troops, defend republican system. One of the most famous is Carl schulz major general. He moved to the United States in 1852 after the defeat of the revolution in Germany, active in the anti-slavery movement. In 1861 he was appointed the U.S. ambassador to the minister to Spain. After the civil war broke out, he volunteered to led the troops in battle, in order to encourage support Lincoln German immigrants, he has to travel between states speech, total travel nearly 40000 km.
Cause of exclusion against the current wave of migrants
In more than 100 years of immigration, immigration had been in one way or the other. As for the U.S. government, its immigration policy is not static. From 1815 to 1882, the United States government shall practise a system of completely free immigration. But starting in 1882, great changes have taken place in the U.S. immigration policy. Restrictions and excluding immigration law introced one by one. The regulation of which is strange, like an idiot and milquetoast bans entry. After 1920, the United States over the age of free immigration thoroughly, introced a quota of restrictive immigration policies.
Because in the contradiction of employment, religious and ethnic problems, the United States ring 1880-1920 to xenophobia development. Chinese, Japanese, jews, italians and hungarians became the local workers and north-western Europe immigration is wanton rejection and the object of persecution. What's more, in May 1882, congress passed a specifically forbid south China university of technology into the Chinese exclusion act of beauty, the bill was abolished until 61 years later. During this period, by the locals and the north-western Europe first immigrants of protestant \"American patriots alliance\", \"the alliance\" and other exclusive organization arises at the historic moment. Among them, the biggest impact of the first of the American association of protection, established in 1887, the association flames everywhere, the political corruption of American society ring this period, municipal construction lag, rising crime rates and people's living standards drop is attributed to the arrival of the new immigrants.
After the second world war, with the rationalization of the American public attitude toward immigrants, the contribution of immigrants to the United States graally acknowledged by most americans. As labor secretary Elaine chao said: \"thanks to the contribution of immigrants to the United States. Huge waves of immigrants to the United States has brought the rich cultural heritage, also provided the impetus to the development of the United States.\"
『貳』 急求關於美國移民問題的英語文章
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 《〈〈〈〈〈〈〈 》》》》》》》》》》》》》
『叄』 美國歷史上的第一批移民來自於哪裡
英國。1607年, 一個約一百人的殖民團體, 在乞沙比克海灘建立了詹姆士鎮, 這是版英國在北美所建的第一權個永久性殖民地. 在以後150年中, 陸續涌來了許多的殖民者, 定居於沿岸地區, 其中大部分來自英國, 也有一部分來自法國、德國、荷蘭、愛爾蘭和其他國家。
辭海對移民的解釋有:
1.遷往國外某一地區永久定居的人;
2.較大數量、有組織的人口遷移。
與這兩種釋義相對應的英文詞語分為immigration和resettlement,也可以用migration統稱各種移民。移民是人口在不同地區之間的遷移活動的總稱,作為名詞,是指人或人的集合(人群),即遷移人口的集合;作為動名詞,是指人口的遷移活動。移民不一定伴有國籍轉變,包括短期人口遷徙和國籍轉變等。
美國全稱美利堅合眾國(英語:United States of America),原為英國殖民地,後因種種因素逐漸興起而成為一個強大的國家。
北美洲原始居民為印第安人。16-18世紀,正在進行資本原始積累的西歐各國相繼入侵北美洲。到了十八世紀中期,在北美大西洋沿岸建立了十三塊殖民地,殖民地的經濟,文化,政治相對成熟。
『肆』 美國的移民活動最早始於什麼時期
下面依據移民們到達美國的時間順序,將美利堅民族(美國國族)組成部分的民族作一簡要介紹:
土著美國人(Native Americans):
大約2萬年前,來自亞洲的一些游獵部落一路追逐獸群,越過今天的白令海峽(Bering Strait)當年的亞美大陸橋(intercontinental land bridge)來到了美洲大陸,成為歷史上最早的美洲移民.光陰流轉,到1492年西班牙探險家克里斯托弗?哥倫布(Christopher Columbus)「發現」新大陸(the New World)時,生活在現今美國大陸上的土著人口大約為150萬人.哥倫布誤以為他到達的巴哈馬群島(the Bahamas)的聖薩爾瓦多(San Salvador)就是傳說中的東印度群島(the Indies),便把當地的美洲土著稱作「印第安人」(Indians).
美國現有562個印第安部落(tribal nations),分散在美國本土48州和阿拉斯加州,印第安保留地總面積約為2240萬公頃.規模最大的12個印第安部落為:切羅基族(Cher好ee)369 035人,納瓦霍族(Navajo)225 298人,蘇族(Sioux)107 321人,齊佩瓦族(Chippewa)105 988人,喬克托族(Choctaw)86 231,普韋布洛族(Pueblo)55 330人,阿帕齊族(Apache)53 330人,易洛魁族(Iroquois )52 557人,拉姆畢族(Lumbee)50 888人,克里克族( Creek)45 872人,布萊克福德族(Blackfoot)37 992人,奇克索族(Chickasaw)21 522人.
歐洲移民:
英國人是美國早期殖民者中的主流民族,英語也因而成為美國的主流語言.但是,緊隨英國人之後,別的歐洲人也很快便蜂擁而來,其中有西班牙人、葡萄牙人、法國人、荷蘭人、德國人和瑞典人.美國革命的一位著名代言人托馬斯?潘恩(Thomas Paine)本身是個英國人,曾在1776年清楚地指出:「歐洲而非英國才是美國的母國.」(Europe,and not England,is the parent country of America.)不過,直到1780年時,英國或愛爾蘭後裔仍佔美國人的3/4.
1840~1860年間,美國迎來了第一次移民大浪潮.當年,由於農業歉收、人口增長和政治動盪,整個歐洲餓殍遍野,每年約有500萬人背井離鄉.因為土豆病災,愛爾蘭餓死了75萬多人.很多倖存者移民海外.僅1847年一年,移民美國的愛爾蘭人就達118 120人.今天,愛爾蘭裔的美國人約有3900萬人.
1848~49年德國革命(German Confederation\'s Revolution)的失敗令很多德國人移民海外.而1861~65年美國內戰(American Civil War)期間,聯邦政府為了充實兵員也鼓勵歐洲人移民來美,特別是德國移民.作為兵役回報,聯邦政府獎給移民們免費的土地.到1865時,大約1/5的聯邦士兵屬於戰時移民.今天,22%的美國人有德國血統.
1820~70年間,大約20萬來自德國等地的歐洲猶太人進入美國.這些猶太移民多數是從事零售業的小商販,散居於全美各地.更多的猶太人移民美國始於1880年前後,那一段大約12年的時間里,他們在東歐國家受到了殘酷的迫害.接下來的45年裡,200萬猶太人移民到了美國.這些來自東歐和奧地利的猶太移民既貧窮又不懂英語,多數居住在紐約和芝加哥等大都市,進入工廠做工或者從事手工業和經營小店鋪.如今,猶太裔美國人有500多萬,其中半數以上居住在紐約州、加利福尼亞州和佛羅里達州.絕大多數猶太人居住在都市和市郊地區,主要是中產階級,教育和收入水平均較高,在美國的政治、經濟和文化領域中具有重要的影響.
不情願的移民(Unwilling Immigrants):
在湧入北美的移民洪流里,有一群人是被迫而來.那就是1619~1808年間被賣來美國充當奴隸的50萬非洲人.1808年美國發布了禁止進口奴隸的法律.但是,因為需要勞動力的緣故,特別是在南部的農業區里,農場主依然繼續擁有奴隸及其子女.今天,非洲裔美國人構成了美國總人口的12.9%,共有34 658 190人(2001年12月7日美國人口普查局資料).
『伍』 美國的第三次移民潮發生於什麼時候
美國的第三次移民來潮發生源在1881年到1920年,
移民人數增長到2350萬人。二戰結束後,隨著美國民眾對移民態度的理性化,移民對美國的貢獻逐漸被大多數美國人所承認.正如美國勞工部長趙小蘭所說:「美國要感謝移民的貢獻.巨大的移民浪潮給美國帶來了豐富的文化遺產,也給美國的發展提供了動力.」
『陸』 美國移民的歷史
被稱作「種族大熔爐」的美國是個典型的移民國家,其移民歷史最早可追溯到1620年。近400年來,美利堅民族已成為由100多個民族組成的混合體,就連矗立在紐約的「自由女神像」也是在1886年從法國「移民」到美國的。移民們懷著各自的夢想,遠涉重洋來到這片理想中的土地,在美國歷史上曾經掀起幾次大的移民潮。可以毫不誇張地說,是移民造就了美國,是移民發展和改變了美國。
在美國建國之初,美國國內總人口僅有390萬。除了大約76萬黑人外,其餘幾乎都是清一色的白人,並且絕大部分來自西歐。出於對歐洲拿破崙戰爭以及國內就業環境的擔心,美國開國之初的幾屆政府在移民政策上疑慮重重,曾制定過一些限制移民的政策。1796—1815年間,到美國的歐洲移民平均每年只有大約3000人。
第二次移民高潮是從1861年到1880年,約有500萬移民來到美國。南北戰爭結束後,美國迎來了工業化的高峰期,對勞動力需求旺盛。為了吸引歐洲移民來美國,1864年,林肯總統游說國會通過了《鼓勵外來移民法》。國務卿西沃德甚至向美國駐歐洲的外交官發出通告,要求他們把吸引歐洲移民作為一項最重要的外交任務來對待。為了從歐洲招募熟練工人來美國工作,一些企業還組團赴歐洲招聘。它們在歐洲許多報紙上刊登廣告,印發小冊子,對有移民願望的歐洲人描繪美國誘人的前景。一些企業還對願意移民美國的歐洲人提供所需的路費。
第三次高潮從1881年到1920年,移民人數猛增到2350萬。移民頂峰是1907年,達到128.5萬人。這一階段,美國政府多次立法,限制歐洲移民,排斥亞洲移民。來自英國、德國、瑞典等西北歐國家的「老移民」增長有限,但來自義大利、俄國等東南歐國家的「新移民」卻增長迅速。
經過這三次移民高潮,1920年美國的人口總數首次超過1億。在1820到1920年的100年間,移民數量佔美國人口年增長數的20%以上。
『柒』 美國英語的起源與特點
一、美國英語的聲勢浩大和特點
美國英語是英語的一種變體,是近四百年來英語使用於北美這個特殊的地理環境,受美國社會多元文化影響以及不斷創新而形成的一種變體。美國英語源於伊莉莎白時期的英語,其歷史和美國的移民史有著非常密切的聯系。
美國英語主要有以下幾大特色:
1美國英語對古英語特徵的保留
2美國英語豐富的創造性
3 美國英語對多民族語言的吸收
4 美國英語對俚語的廣泛使用
二、這里有一篇比較詳細的文章介紹:
http://wenku..com/link?url=oQgHxiMUYhMm3jRuKP7fJmv9B-T_qfkSlrG_gsj0OgqyPhT1vznSOLH3eh-
『捌』 移民到美國對英語什麼要求需要什麼考試資格嗎
移民英語要求方面必須具備初步的英語讀、聽、說和寫的能力。入版籍的申請人應對英權語有一定程度的了解,具有一定的英語能力,審查入籍資格時移民局官員以口試方式,入籍申請者要用英語回答有關美國歷史和美國政府方面的知識。以此來考查入籍申請者英語的實際表達能力。
如果申請人在第一次口試時未能合格,允許申請者在一年以內還有兩次補考機會。如果申請人年齡超過50歲,並在美國居留時間達20年以上的,可以免試英語,可由本國語言代替。移民法還對年齡已超過55歲,並已在美國取得永久居留權後又居留15年以上的申請人,也實行免考英語,並由本國語言代替。
另外在提出入籍申請時,必須是在美國已連續居住5年的最後半年裡,並且是已在當地的州或城市裡至少居留了6個月的時間。
『玖』 美國移民條件有哪些
一、美國親屬移民 (Family-based Immigrants)簡介
美國移民法允許與美國公民或美國永久居民有親屬關系的外國公民移民到美國,這種類別的移民就是美國親屬民。美國親屬移民分為兩種:
1、無配額限制親屬移民(Unlimited)
無配額限制親屬移民又分為美國公民的直系親屬(Immediate Relatives)移民和「返美」居民(Returning Residents)。
美國公民的直系親屬包括美國公民的配偶、美國公民的21歲以下未婚子女、美國公民的配偶同其前夫或前妻所生的18歲以下未婚子女以及美國公民合法領養的16歲以下未婚子女和21歲以上美國公民的父母。作為美國公民直系親屬,可以在任何時候移民美國,不受配額限制,即沒有綠卡等候期。
「返美」居民指先前在美國合法居住的永久居民在國外居住超過一年以上而現在准備返回美國的移民。
2、配額限制親屬移民(Limited)
配額限制親屬移民,根據關系又分為4種:
①第一優先類親屬(Family First Preference)每年配額23,400
F1 — 1:美國公民的已成年(21周歲以上)的未婚子女, 包括養子、女(16歲以前領養的)和繼子、女(18以前其繼父母已結婚);
F1 — 2:美國公民的成年未婚子女的非婚生,或婚生的未成年子女。
②第二優先類親屬(Family Second Preference) 每年配額114,000
F2 — 1:美國永久居民,既綠卡持有者的配偶和未成年子女,至少佔每年配額的77%;
F2 — 2:美國永久居民的20歲以上的未婚子女,包括規定范圍內的養、繼子女;約占每年配額的23%。
③第三優先類親屬(Family Third Preference)每年配額23,400
F3 — 1:美國公民的已婚子女,包括合符規定的養子、女,繼子、女;
F3 — 2:以及已婚子女(包括養子、女、繼子、女)的配偶;
F3 — 3:和他們未滿21周歲的子、女。
④第四優先類親屬(Family Fourth Preference)每年配額65,000
F4 — 1:美國公民的兄弟姐妹(不受年齡限制);
F4 — 2:兄弟姐妹的配偶;
F4 — 3:以及他們的未滿21周歲的子女。
但這種親屬移民的另一個前提條件是美國公民必須在21周歲以上。
上述四類優先親屬移民中,除第四類排隊等待期較長之外,其他三類優先親屬排隊期也各不相同,等候6個月至18個月是常見的情況,有的甚至幾年。移民申請一旦獲准,申請人必親自前往美國駐廣州領事館辦理移民手續,其他移民簽證也是在美國廣州領館辦理。如果親屬關系不能得到充分證明,移民申請會被拒絕。
二、美國親屬移民申辦程序
1、由美國親屬在美國申請填寫I-130表,並連同其它材料一起遞交移民局INS(Immigration and Naturalization Service)。
2、材料全部合格,收到移民局發出的受理通知。
3、收到移民局發出的批准通知書,即I-797表,同時移民局將批准通知和其它材料一同寄給海外申請人和美國駐廣州領事館簽證處。
4、海外申請人填寫相關資料准備美國駐華領事館的面試,並參加體檢。
5、面試通過獲得移民簽證。