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牛津八上英語前兩個單元知識點

發布時間: 2021-02-27 07:30:36

❶ 求8年級上冊英語各單元知識點梳理內容...快......

英語18種特殊的反意疑問句
介紹
1.祈使句。祈使句後一般加上will you或won't you構成反意疑問句,用 you 多表示「請求」,用won't you 多表示提醒對方注意。例如:
Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好嗎?
Let引導的祈使句有兩種情況:
1)Let's...,後的反意疑問句用shall we或shan't we。例如:
Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好嗎?
還可以用may I來表示徵求對方的同意或許可。
2)Let us/me...後的反意疑問句用will you或won't you。例如:
Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 讓我試一試,行嗎?
2.感嘆句。感嘆句後加反意疑問句時,其反意疑問句需用be的一般現在時態的否定形式。例如:
What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天氣啊,是吧?
3. 當陳述部分謂語動詞是need, dare, used to,且這些詞被用作實義動詞時,其反意疑問句需用do的適當形式。例如:
He needs help, doesn't he?他需要幫助,是嗎?
4.陳述部分主、謂語是I am...時,反意疑問句用aren't I 或am't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如:
I'm working now, am't I? 我在工作,是嗎?
5.陳述部分的主語是everything, nothing, anything或something 時,反意疑問句的主語應用代詞it。例如:
Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音機出毛病了,是吧?
6.陳述部分的主語是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 時, 其反意疑問句的主語需用復數代詞they。例如:
Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是嗎?
No one knows about it, do they? 沒有人知道這件事,對嗎?
7.陳述部分的主語是指示代詞this或that時,反意疑問句的主語用it,當陳述部分的主語是指示代詞these或those時,其反意疑問句的主語用they。例如:
This is a plane, isn't it? 這是一架飛機,是嗎?
These are grapes,aren't they? 這些是葡萄,是嗎?
8.陳述部分的主語是不定代詞one時,反意疑問句的主語可以用one,也可用you(美式英語用he)。例如:
One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每個人都應該樂於助人,是吧?
9.當陳述部分含有以下這些含有否定意義的詞時:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑問句需用肯定結構。例如:
He is never late for school, is he? 他上學從不遲到,是嗎?
10.當陳述部分所含的否定詞是通過加前綴或後綴構成的,其後的反意疑問句依然用否定結構。例如:
It is unfair, isn't it? 這不公平,是吧?
11.含有否定含義的詞在陳述部分作動詞的賓語時,其反意疑問句用肯定結構,也可以用否定結構。例如:
You got nothing from him, did you? 你從他那兒什麼也沒得到,是嗎?
12.當陳述部分主語是從句、不定式(短語)、動詞-ing形式時,反意疑問句的主語應該用it。例如:
What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的東西更重要,是吧?
13.當陳述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 結構時,其反意疑問句須與從句的主、謂語保持一致,注意主句的主語必須是第一人稱。例如:
I don't think he will come, will he? 我認為他不會來,對嗎?
14.have(has)不是表示「有」的意思,並在句中做謂語時,其反意疑問句的助動詞要用do, does, did。例如:
They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他們剛才開了個會,是嗎?
15.陳述部分有have to 時,其反意疑問句要用助動詞的否定形式。例如:
You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要澆菜,對吧?
16.陳述部分是there be句型時,其反意疑問句中要用there。例如:
There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 過去這兒有家醫院,是嗎?
17.陳述部分有had better時,反意疑問句中要用hadn't。例如:
We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我們現在最好馬上去上學,好嗎?
18.當陳述部分含有情態動詞must時,我們便要分析一下must的含義。如果must 作「一定;要;必須」講,反意疑問句須用mustn't或needn't;而當must作推測意義「一定是;必定」講時,反意疑問句則需根據must後的動詞原形選用相應的形式。例如:
He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必須努力學物理,是吧?
Tom must be at home,isn't he? 湯姆一定在家,是吧?
反意疑問句的回答
在回答的時候, 如果是前肯後否的句子,思維和中國人相同;如果是前否後肯的句子,思維正好同中國人相反:
He is a student, isn't he? (他是個學生,不是嗎?)
Yes, he is.(是的,他是學生)
No, he isn't.(不是,他不是學生)
He doesn't like playing football, does he?(他不喜歡踢球,是嗎?)
Yes, he does.(不是,他喜歡踢球)
No, he doesn't.(是的,他不喜歡踢球)
I am not a teacher, am I? (我不是一名老師,是嗎?)
Yes, I am.(不是, 我是一名老師。)
No, I am not.(是的,我不是一名老師。)
對反意疑問句的回答,無論問題的提法如何,如果事實是肯定的,就用yes,事實是否定的,就要用no。要特別注意陳述句部分是否定結構,反意疑問句部分用肯定式提問時,回答yes或no與漢語正好相反。這種省略回答的yes要譯成「不」,no要譯成「是」。
例 ---He likes playing football, doesn』t he? 他喜歡踢足球,不是嗎?
---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn』t. ,是 他喜歡。/ 不 他不喜歡。
---His sister didn』t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹沒有參加會議,是嗎?
---Yes, she did. / No, she didn』t. 不,她參加了。/ 是的,她沒參加
若be動詞後是never//few//little,後面的動詞仍用肯定形式
反意疑問句的幾點特殊情況
反意疑問句的構成有以下幾點特殊情況須注意:
1.當陳述句的主語是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody時,簡短問句中的主語通常用they。如果陳述句的主語是非人稱的復合詞,如everything, something, anything, 則簡短問句中相應的人稱代詞是單數的中性詞it。例如:
Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn』t they?
Nobody came, did they?
Everyone thinks they』re the center of the universe, don』t they?
Nothing can stop us now, can it?
2.當陳述句是表示存在的句子時,簡短問句用there 作形式主語。例如:
There isn』t a book on the table, is there?
There』s something wrong, isn』t there?
There won』t be any trouble, will there?
3.如果陳述句中包含有如下的否定或半否定詞, 如seldom, hardly, never, rarely,little, few, nowhere, nothing,則簡短問句通常用肯定形式。但如果陳述句中僅包含有否定前綴,則簡短問句中用否定形式。例如:
He was unsuccessful, wasn』t he?
The rules are invariable, aren』t they?
He seldom pays more attention to his pronunciation, does he?
He hardly knows anything about computer, does he?
Tom has little knowledge of how to spend money, does he?
4.陳述句中是I am時,簡短問句則用aren』t I。例如:
I am an excellent English speaker, aren』t I?
I am late, aren』t I ?
5.陳述句中是非限定人稱代詞one時,正式文體中,簡短問句的主語為one,而非正式文體中用you。例如:
One must be honest, mustn』t one?
6.含有賓語從句的主從復合句的反意疑問句中,簡短問句一般反映主句中主、謂之間的關系。但如果主句是I think, I suppose, I believe, I suspect, I imagine 等時,則簡短問句反映的是that從句中主語與謂語之間的關系。例如:
They agreed that the United States shouldn』t make a war on Iraq, didn』t they?
I suppose (that) he is serious, isn』t he?
注意:否定詞移位的情況,如:
I don』t suppose (that) he is serious, is he?
7.如果陳述句的謂語動詞是have (當 「擁有」講時), 簡短問句可用have形式或用do形式。例如:
You have a nice house, haven』t/don』t you?
但如果陳述句是否定形式時,簡短問句中動詞的選擇則由陳述句中的動詞形式而定。例如:
He hasn』t a house of his own, has he?
He doesn』t have a house of his own, does he?
如果陳述句中的動詞 have 表示「經歷,遭受,得到,吃」的意思時,則簡短問句中的動詞用 do的形式。例如:
You often have headaches, don』t you?
8.當陳述句的動詞是ought to時,英國英語中簡短問句用ought,而美國英語中則用should。
9.陳述句中的動詞是used to時,簡短問句可用used 的形式或did的形式。例如:
The Smiths used to live in the countryside, usedn』t / didn』t they?
He didn』t use/used to tell lies, did he?
10.陳述句中動詞為needn』t時,簡短問句通常用 need。例如:
You needn』t do it if you don』t want to, need you?
You needn』t have told him the news, need you?
11.陳述句中must後動詞的類屬和時態不同,反意疑問句也不同。例如:
The food must be good, isn』t it?
You must have read the book last month, didn't you?
You must see the doctor, needn』t you?(must表必要性,故用needn』t)
You mustn』t do that again, must you?(must表示「不可以」)
12.當陳述部分是一祈使句時,簡短問句則通常為 won』t you, would you, can you, can』t you, could you等,使語氣婉轉、客氣。如果陳述部分的祈使句中含有第
一人稱時,如Let』s do something, 則簡短問句為 shall we?例如:
Do sit down, won』t you?
Shut up, can you?
在否定的祈使句後, 只能用will you。例如:
Don』t forget, will you?
13.當遇到賓語從句時候.一般反主句.但是以 I think I believe. Isuppose ....開頭的反從句

❷ 八上英語知識點4-7單元牛津版

問題呢?木有問題的問題哇

❸ 八年級上冊英語第一二單元知識點,要全。我們要考試了!

新目標八年級英語上冊第一單元復習
I. 應掌握的片語:

1. go to the movies 去看電影
2. look after=take care of 照顧
3. surf the internet 上網
4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式
5. go skate boarding 去劃板
6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康
7. exercise=take (much) exercise
=do sports鍛煉
8. eating habits 飲食習慣
9. take more exercise 做更多的運動
10. the same as 與什麼相同
11. once a month一月一次
12. be different from 不同
13. twice a week一周兩次
14. make a difference to 對什麼有影響
15. how often 多久一次
16. although=though雖然
17. most of the students=most students
大多數學生
18. shop=go shopping
=do some shopping 購物
19. as for至於
20. activity survey活動調查
21. do homework做家庭作業
22. do house work做家務事
23. eat less meat吃更少的肉
24. junk food垃圾食物
25. be good for 對什麼有益
26. be bad for對什麼有害
27. want to do sth 想做某事
28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事
29. try to do sth 盡量做某事
30. come home from school放學回家
31. of course=certainly=sure當然
32. get good grades取得好成績
33. some advice
34. help sb to do sth幫助某人做某事
=help sb with sth
35. a lot of vegetables
=many vegetables許多蔬菜
36. hardly=not nearly / almost not幾乎不
37. keep/be in good health保持健康
II. 應掌握的句子:
1. How often do you exercise? 你(你們)多久鍛煉一次身體?
How often + 助動詞do(does或did) + 主語 + do sth.? 疑問詞how often是問頻率(多久一次),(在這里助動詞do(does或did) 是起幫助構成疑問的作用)與一般現在時或一般過去時連用,回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞,如:once, twice, three times…, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month 等。
翻譯:「你們多久到工廠去一次?」「每星期兩次。」

(「How often do you go to the factory?」 「Twice a week. 」)
「他們多長時間舉辦一次舞會?」「通常每兩周舉辦一次。」

(「How often do they have a dancing party?」 「Usually, once every other week.」)
「他多久去購一次物?」「一個月一次。」

(「How often does he go shopping?」 「He goes shopping once a month.」)
2. 「What do you usually do on weekends?」 「 I usually play soccer.」
「周末你通常做什麼?」「我通常踢足球。」
第一個do為助動詞, 在這起幫助構成疑問的作用;而第二個do則是實義動詞。
翻譯:What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.

What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking.

3. 「What』s your favorite program?」 「It』s Animal World.」
「你最喜歡什麼節目?」「動物世界。」
4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .
as for...意思是「至於;關於」,常用於句首作狀語,其後跟名詞、代詞或動詞的
-ing形式(即動名詞)。如:
0As for him,I never want to see him here. 至於他,我永遠不希望在這里見到。
0As for the story,you'd better not believe it. 關於那故事,你最好不要相信。
翻譯:至於我自己,我現在不想去。
(As for myself, I don』t want to go now. )
至於那個人,我什麼都不知道。
(As for the man, I know nothing about him.)
5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her .
want to do sth. 意思是「想要做某事」;

want sb. to do sth.意思是「想要某人做某事」。如:
Do you want to go to the movies with me?你想和我一起去看電影嗎?
The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。
6. She says it』s good for my health.
be good for...表示「對……有益(有好處)」;其反義為:be bad for...。(這里for 是
介詞,後跟名詞、代詞或動名詞)如:
It's good for us to do more reading. 多讀書對我們有好處。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對你的眼睛有害。
7. How many hours do you sleep every night?
8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .
9. My eating habits are pretty good .0這里pretty相當於very 。
10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ,不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示
「(用某一辦法)試著去做某事」。如:
You』d better try doing the experiment in another way.
你最好試試用另一種方法做這個試驗。
11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.
help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事
12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.
這里better是well的比較級,而不是good的比較級
13. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different?
=Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours? be the same as … / be different from …
14. What sports do you play ?
15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
16. You must try to eat less meat .0
try to do sth.表示「 盡力做某事 」 ,不包含是否成功的意思,less是little的比較級
17. That sounds interesting.0
這是「主語+系動詞+表語」結構的簡單句。sound(聽起來),look(看起來),smell
(聞起來),taste(嘗起來),feel(覺得),seem(好象),grow(變得),get
(變得)等詞在英語中可用作系動詞,後跟形容詞作表語。如:
It tastes good. 這味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 這音樂聽起來很入耳。
The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 煙霧變得越來越濃了。

新目標八年級英語上冊第二單元復習
I. 應掌握的片語:
1. Have a cold 感冒 2. sore back 背痛
3. neck and neck 並駕齊驅,齊頭並進
4. I have a stomachache 我胃痛
= I have got a stomachache
=There is something wrong with my stomach
= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach
5. What』s the matter? 怎麼了?
= What』s the trouble (with you)? = What』s your trouble?
= What』s wrong (with you)? =What』 the matter (with you)?
=What has happened to you? =Is there anything wrong (with you)?
= what』s up?

6. sore throat 咽喉痛
7. lie down and rest 躺下休息
8. see a dentist 看牙醫
9. drink lots of water 多喝水
10. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶
11.That』s a good idea 好主意
12.That』s too bad 太糟糕了
13.I think so 我認為如此

14. I』m not feeling well. 我覺得不太舒服
= I』m not feeling fine/all right. = I』m feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad.
= I don』t feel well.

15. get some rest 多休息
16. I have no idea = I don』t know
我不知道
17. stressed out 筋疲力盡
18. I am tired 我累了
He is tired. 他累了
19. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式
20. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫
21. a balance of yin and yang陰陽調和
22. you have too much yin.你陰氣太盛
23. to eat a balance diet飲食平衡
24.healthy food 健康食品

25. stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health = keep fit
26. enjoy oneself (myself, yourself, herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself
反身代詞) 玩得高興,過得愉快=have a good time = have a wonderful time
=have fun
27. enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞)喜歡某物,
enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事=like dong sth

Practice doing sth.練習做某事,
mind doing sth. 介意做某事,
finish doing sth.完成某事,
give up doing sth.放棄做某事,
can』t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,
keep ding sth. 堅持做某事.

即:practice, mind, finish, give up, can』t help, keep 與enjoy用法基本相似
28.at the moment = now 此刻
29. Host family 東道家庭
30. Conversation practice會話練習
31.I』m sorry to hear that.聽到此事我很難過

II. 應掌握的句子:
1. What』s the matter? I have a bad cold. 你怎麼了?我得了重感冒。
翻譯:他怎麼了?他胃痛。
魏芳怎麼了?她背痛。
2.Maybe you should see a dentist. 或許你應該看牙醫。
翻譯:我應該上床睡覺。
李平應該躺下休息。
我們不應該上課吃東西。
3.I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你很快好起來。
翻譯:我希望他明天能來。
他希望能取得好成績。
我們希望能取得一等獎。
我希望你喜歡我在紐約的學校。
4.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 傳統中醫認為我們需要陰陽調和以保持身體健康。
翻譯:老師認為我們應該努力學習以取得好成績。

父母認為我們應該上大學以便得到一份好的工作。

你應該做鍛煉來保持健康。
我相信每天晚上睡眠8個小時很重要。
吃均衡飲食以保持健康。
5.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this.
吃黨參和黃芪等草本植物也對這有好處。
翻譯:吃一些蔬菜和水果對你的健康有好處。
看電視太多對你的眼睛有害。
6.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.
太緊張易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽性食物。
7.It』s easy to have a healthy lifestyle, and it』s important to eat a balanced diet.
有一個健康的生活方式很容易,飲食平衡是很重要的。
翻譯:學好英語不是很容易的。
上課注意聽講是必要的。
完成作業也很重要。
8.When you are tired, you shouldn』t go out at night. 疲倦時,晚上你不該外出。
翻譯:他小的時候就知道應該努力學習。
他5歲就上學了。
我們進教室時,老師已經開始講課了。

9.I believe him, but I can』t believe in him.
他的話是真的,但是我不信任他這個人。
10.I am not feeling very well at the moment. 這段時間我感覺不大好。
I』m tired and I have a lot of headaches. 我很疲勞,而且經常頭痛。
11.I』m stressed out because my Mandarin isn』t improving.
我很容易緊張,因為普通話沒有長進。
12.I practice playing the piano every day.我每天練習彈鋼琴。
翻譯:他每天練習踢足球。
我們應該每天練習說英語。
我們應該經常聯系用英語寫日記。
13.She had finished writing the letter when I went in.
我進去時,她已經寫完信了。
翻譯:他踢完足球去游泳了。
我洗完餐具後去商店了。
14.The doctor asked him to give up smoking.醫生叫他戒煙。
翻譯:不要放棄學英語。
15.Do you mind closing the window? 請把窗戶關上好嗎?
翻譯:在這里吸煙你介意嗎?
16.Mary couldn』t help laughing at his jokes.對於他的玩笑,瑪莉忍不住笑了。
翻譯:聽到這個消息,我忍不住哭了起來。

17.They kept working though it was raining.盡管天在下雨,他們仍堅持工作。
翻譯:我們應該堅持學英語。

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