大學英語修辭手法總結
A. 請問英語的修辭手法有哪些要中英文,並舉例,謝謝
一、比喻(the figures of speech)
比喻是語言藝術的升華。
英語中常見的比喻方法有三種:明喻、隱喻和借喻。
1.明喻(the simile)
格式:本體 + 顯著比喻詞(like/as/as if) + 喻體
常用介詞like 、連詞as,as if,asso、動詞seem等以及句型Ato B asCtoD等等表示「好像」意思的比喻說法就叫明喻。
例如:
(1)Teacher, you are like the sun, but more magnificent, andmorebrillant. 老師,您像太陽,又比太陽更燦爛更輝煌。
(2)Your soul is as pure as snow, your personality is as nobleaspine trees! All praise to you, our belovedteacher.您的心靈像雪一樣純凈,您的人格像青松一般高潔!贊美您,敬愛的老師。
英語中除上述的用介詞、連詞或句型等的明喻表達方式外,還有許多常用的明喻習語。例如:
(1)as clear as crystal清如水晶
(2)as weak as water軟弱無力
這類利用類似漢語的押韻和疊聲增加語言的美感。與此同時,又可以使語言短小精悍,表達生動、形象。
2.隱喻(the metaphor)
格式:本體 + is/are + 喻體
例如:
(1)Time is a river, of which memory is the water. Oh myfriend,what I scoop up from the river is all yearning ofyou.時間是河、記憶如水,朋友,我從河裡捧起來的都是對你的思念。
(2)Time is money. 時間就是金錢。
注意:英語中存在著許多數詞習語和俚語,用作隱喻(也有個別用作明喻)。例如 :
(1)You are one in a million.你真是人見人愛。
(2)He has one over the eight.他酩酊大醉。
(3)This film star is a nine days wonder; I doubt whetheranyonewill remr her in ayearstime.這位電影明星現在紅極一時(也指曇花一現),但我認為一年以後人們不見得還記得她。
注意:英語中還有許多隱喻成語。例如:
(1)to teach fish to swim 班門弄斧
(2)to plough the sand 白費力氣
(3)up the tree騎虎難下;lame ck強弩之末;above board光明正大
3.借喻(the metonymy)
格式:直接用比喻事物代替本體事物
例如:
(1)The buses in America are on strikenow.美國的公共汽車司機正在罷工(這里buses喻指司機drivers)。
(2)The pen is mightier thanthesword.文人勝於武士(以pen,sword喻指使用這物的人)。英語中一些鳥獸魚蟲的名字,除本義外,常可轉借喻人,形象生動,意味雋永。例如:
(1)She is a social butterfly.她是一個交際花(以蟲喻人)。 (接下頁)
二、借代(the synecdoche)
借用一個名稱來代替另一事物。替代的方式可以是人、物互代,部分和全體互代,單數代復數,描象代替具體或具體代替抽象等等。例如:
(1)Uncle Sam will not help us.美國人不會幫助我們。(用Uncle Sam代替船美國人本身)
(2)You can depend on him for help whenever youre in tourble.Hesa true blue.你遇到麻煩時盡管去找他幫忙,他是一個靠得住的忠實朋友。(用trueblue代替真金烈火,忠誠可靠的)
使用借代修辭方式要選用最突出最明顯的事物特徵來代替事物名稱。借代運用得好,能使語言表達簡潔明快、具體、形象,以避免重復、累贅,並給人以新鮮感。
三、誇張(the exaggeration)
把事物的特徵,有意地加以誇大或縮小,就叫誇張。
例如:
(1)Thank you a thousand.千恩萬謝。
英語中誇張修辭格,應用極為頻繁。誇張的功能是突出事物的本質特徵,因而給人強烈印象或警悟、啟發 。
四、擬人(the personifjcation)
就是把無生命的事物人格化。
例如:
(1)Books are a guide in youth and an entertainment for age.Theysupport us under solitude, and keep us from being a burdentoourselves.書籍是青年人的指南、老年人的娛樂。孤寂時,書籍給我們力量,使我們擺脫精神負擔。
(2)Love is the master key that opens the gatesofhappiness.愛是開啟幸福之門的萬能鑰匙。
擬人用法在英語寫作中運用得好,不僅使語言表達得生動、有力,而且給人以親切、實在、耳目一新的感受。
五、排比
把結構相同或相似、語氣一致、意思密切相關聯的句子或句子成分排列起來,使句式得到增強,感情得到加深,這種修辭叫排比。
例如:
(1)You are overwhelming jade, as white as snow, as smoothandmoist as grease, as brilliant as candles, and as firmasrock.你潔白如雪,潤澤如脂,你光輝如燭,堅貞如磐,你是令人傾心的美玉。
(2)You are in my mind and in my heart. You are in the very airIbreathe. You are part ofme.Forever.你占據了我整個思緒和心靈;你在我呼吸的空氣里;你永遠是我的一部分。
只知道這一小部分,其他的我也在找。
B. 英語中的修辭手法
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比.這種共性存在於人們的心裡,而不是事物的自然屬性.
標志詞常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2.Metaphor 隱喻,暗喻
隱喻是簡縮了的明喻,是將某一事物的名稱用於另一事物,通過比較形成.
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
3.Metonymy 借喻,轉喻
借喻不直接說出所要說的事物,而使用另一個與之相關的事物名稱.
I.以容器代替內容,例如:
1>.The kettle boils. 水開了.
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安靜地坐著.
II.以資料.工具代替事物的名稱,例如:
Lend me your ears, please. 請聽我說.
III.以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集
VI.以具體事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢.
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全體,或用全體代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
例如:
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整體)
他的廠里約有100名工人.
2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世紀的牛頓.
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整體代部分)
這狐皮圍脖與你的帽子很相配.
5.Synaesthesia 通感,聯覺,移覺
這種修辭法是以視.聽.觸.嗅.味等感覺直接描寫事物.通感就是把不同感官的感覺溝通起來,借聯想引起感覺轉移,「以感覺寫感覺」。
通感技巧的運用,能突破語言的局限,豐富表情達意的審美情趣,起到增強文採的藝術效果。比如:欣賞建築的重復與變化的樣式會聯想到音樂的重復與變化的節奏;聞到酸的東西會聯想到尖銳的物體;聽到飄渺輕柔的音樂會聯想到薄薄的半透明的紗子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的「 微風過處送來縷縷清香,彷彿遠處高樓上渺茫的歌聲似的」。
例如:
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.(用視覺形容聽覺,鳥落在樹上,由它發出的聲音聯想到百合花)
鳥兒落在樹上,傾瀉出百合花似的聲音.
2>.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅覺形容聽覺)
品嘗Mozart的音樂.
6.Personification 擬人
擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物.
例如:
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.(把夜擬人化)
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.(把鳥擬人化)
7.Hyperbole 誇張
誇張是以言過其實的說法表達強調的目的.它可以加強語勢,增加表達效果..
例如:
1>.I beg a thousand pardons.
2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
這種修辭法是把兩個或兩個以上的結構大體相同或相似,意思相關,語氣一致的短語.句子排列成串,形成一個整體.
例如:
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.
9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辭法
婉辭法指用委婉,文雅的方法表達粗惡,避諱的話.
例如:
1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.
2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他與妻子關系不融洽.
3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
10.Allegory 諷喻,比方(原意「寓言」)
建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上,傳達暗示,影射或者譏諷現世各種現象的含義。
英文解釋:an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英語專業《大學英語教程》一書
這是一種源於希臘文的修辭法,意為"換個方式的說法".它是一種形象的描述,具有雙重性,表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事.
例如:
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.
表層含義:趁著出太陽的時候曬草
真正意味:趁熱打鐵
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.
表層含義:是時候把犁變成劍
11.Irony 反語
反語指用相反意義的詞來表達意思的作文方式.如在指責過失.錯誤時,用贊同過失的說法,而在表揚時,則近乎責難的說法.
例如:
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事啊(真實含義是應該明確早上的時間觀念)
2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.
12.Pun 雙關
雙關就是用一個詞在句子中的雙重含義,借題發揮.作出多種解釋,旁敲側擊,從而達到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的詞形.詞意和諧音的方式出現.
例如:
1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a greatpraise.
2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.
3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.
13.Parody 仿擬
這是一種模仿名言.警句.諺語,改動其中部分詞語,從而使其產生新意的修辭.
例如:
1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.
2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.
14.Rhetorical question 修辭疑問(反問)
它與疑問句的不同在於它並不以得到答復為目的,而是以疑問為手段,取得修辭上的效果,其特點是:肯定問句表示強烈否定,而否定問句表示強烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.
例如:
1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 對照,對比,對偶
這種修辭指將意義完全相反的語句排在一起對比的一種修辭方法.
例如:
1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.
2>.You are staying; I am going.
3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.
16.Paradox 雋語
這是一種貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深長的說法,是一種矛盾修辭法..
例如:
1>.More haste, less speed.欲速則不達
2>.The child is the father to the man.(童年時代可決定人之未來)三歲看大,四歲看老。
17.Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻
這也是一種矛盾修辭法,用兩種不相調和的特徵形容一個事物,以不協調的搭配使讀者領悟句中微妙的含義.
例如:
1>.No light, but rather darkness visible.沒有光亮,黑暗卻清晰可見
2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome.
18.Climax 漸進法,層進法
這種修辭是將一系列詞語按照意念的大小.輕重.深淺.高低等逐層漸進,最後達到頂點.可以增強語勢,逐漸加深讀者印象.
例如:
1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.
2>.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.
19.Anticlimax 漸降法
與climax相反的一種修辭法,將一系列詞語由大到小,由強到弱地排列.
例如:
1>.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.
2>.The ties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.
C. 大學英語第二版綜合教程3中句子使用的修辭手法,跪求😭😭
教育部說了 從來沒有規定 四六級成績是取得學位證條件
D. 英語中的修辭
排比的修辭手法!
E. 英語修辭手法
1. 明喻2. 暗喻
3. 借喻
4. 提喻
5. 通感6.擬人7. 誇張8.排比9. 委婉10.比方
F. 英語專業精讀五冊的修辭手法有哪些
1.Simile 明喻
明喻是將具有共性的不同事物作對比.這種共性存在於人們的心裡,而不是事物的自然屬性.
標志詞常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.
例如:
1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.
2.Metaphor 隱喻,暗喻
隱喻是簡縮了的明喻,是將某一事物的名稱用於另一事物,通過比較形成.
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.
3.Metonymy 借喻,轉喻
借喻不直接說出所要說的事物,而使用另一個與之相關的事物名稱.
I.以容器代替內容,例如:
1>.The kettle boils. 水開了.
2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安靜地坐著.
II.以資料.工具代替事物的名稱,例如:
Lend me your ears, please. 請聽我說.
III.以作者代替作品,例如:
a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亞全集
VI.以具體事物代替抽象概念,例如:
I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力氣,他們就用我的力氣賺錢.
4.Synecdoche 提喻
提喻用部分代替全體,或用全體代替部分,或特殊代替一般.
例如:
1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整體)
他的廠里約有100名工人.
2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)
他是本世紀的牛頓.
3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整體代部分)
這狐皮圍脖與你的帽子很相配.
5.Synaesthesia 通感,聯覺,移覺
這種修辭法是以視.聽.觸.嗅.味等感覺直接描寫事物.通感就是把不同感官的感覺溝通起來,借聯想引起感覺轉移,「以感覺寫感覺」。
通感技巧的運用,能突破語言的局限,豐富表情達意的審美情趣,起到增強文採的藝術效果。比如:欣賞建築的重復與變化的樣式會聯想到音樂的重復與變化的節奏;聞到酸的東西會聯想到尖銳的物體;聽到飄渺輕柔的音樂會聯想到薄薄的半透明的紗子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的「 微風過處送來縷縷清香,彷彿遠處高樓上渺茫的歌聲似的」。
例如:
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice.(用視覺形容聽覺,鳥落在樹上,由它發出的聲音聯想到百合花)
鳥兒落在樹上,傾瀉出百合花似的聲音.
2>.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅覺形容聽覺)
品嘗Mozart的音樂.
6.Personification 擬人
擬人是把生命賦予無生命的事物.
例如:
1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.(把夜擬人化)
2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.(把鳥擬人化)
7.Hyperbole 誇張
誇張是以言過其實的說法表達強調的目的.它可以加強語勢,增加表達效果..
例如:
1>.I beg a thousand pardons.
2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.
3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.
8.Parallelism 排比, 平行
這種修辭法是把兩個或兩個以上的結構大體相同或相似,意思相關,語氣一致的短語.句子排列成串,形成一個整體.
例如:
1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.
2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.
9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辭法
婉辭法指用委婉,文雅的方法表達粗惡,避諱的話.
例如:
1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.
2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他與妻子關系不融洽.
3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)
10.Allegory 諷喻,比方(原意「寓言」)
建立在假借過去或別處的事例與對象之上,傳達暗示,影射或者譏諷現世各種現象的含義。
英文解釋:an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英語專業《大學英語教程》一書
這是一種源於希臘文的修辭法,意為"換個方式的說法".它是一種形象的描述,具有雙重性,表層含義與真正意味的是兩回事.
例如:
1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.
表層含義:趁著出太陽的時候曬草
真正意味:趁熱打鐵
2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.
表層含義:是時候把犁變成劍
11.Irony 反語
反語指用相反意義的詞來表達意思的作文方式.如在指責過失.錯誤時,用贊同過失的說法,而在表揚時,則近乎責難的說法.
例如:
1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.
早上沒有時間觀念還真是一件好事啊(真實含義是應該明確早上的時間觀念)
2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.
G. 急求一篇含有多種修辭手法的英語短文,適合大學上課分析的。謝謝~~
,目標和程序上這么久呢共同奮斗撒均衡羊肉湯少
H. 求一篇用了12種修辭手法以上的英語作文,最好跟平時生活貼切的,我是大學學生
Dear Miss Zhang
I』 not the best student of yours, but you』re the most respected teacher of mine. On this special occasion for you, what I can dedicate is my highest consideration
and earnest blessings. May you be happy; may all of your life be fullofhappiness, joy as well as sweetness.I still remred clearly thattheday I was crying with a heavy heart because I failed to passtheexamination. I didn』t know what to do and where to go, just likeabird lost its way. Teacher, it was you who lighted the beaconofhope in my heart in the dark night. Your warm words,affectionateeyes, which dispelled the cold winter from my heart andkindled theflame of hope as well. And I still remred that theplatform, thedesks, the springs and autumns, all witness the flowerpetals ofyour heart. The buds, the seedlings, the spring flowersand fallfruits, all owe to your sincere devotion.In my view, all Iwant todo is to make the best of every day, and come a littlecloser towhat I dream of. Furthermore, I must not relax my effortsto be thebest I can be and do the best I can do.
Bestwishes
I. 大學英語用不用學習修辭手法,表現手法
英語學習關鍵靠閱讀,閱讀提升了成績和綜合能力自然提升,建議你備一款最新出的首款掃描式電子詞典——漢王e典筆,生詞一劃就翻譯,英語閱讀無障礙,還有資料摘抄,手寫輸入,專業錄音等功能。
J. 求一篇運用修辭手法的400字英語作文~~大學的,謝謝謝謝了
高中 還是初中總的來說 作文高分取決於 1.語法(無錯誤) 2.銜接詞不落俗套 3.修辭修辭主要:定語從句 (that which 等等)強調句(it is 。。。that