大學英語綜合教程3原文

1. 大學英語綜合教程3課文原文

星火有本《大學綜合教程輔導大全》，上面有課後答案、解析、全文翻譯、知識點講解等等，很全的，打完折不到十塊錢。買本就都有了！

2. 求全新版大學英語綜合教程3unit 8 human cloning：a scientist's story 這篇文章的原文！！！

Human Cloning: A Scientist's Story

Dr. Samuel Wood via interview

I was extremely close with my
mother all my life. She was a brilliant ecator, writer and wonderful woman.
Sadly, she developed complications related to diabetes. When she lost her
eyesight and most of her ability to walk, it was absolutely horrifying for me.
She passed away from a fall seven or eight years ago. At her funeral, I swore
that one day I'd do something about conditions like hers.

克隆人：一位科學家的故事

塞繆爾·伍德博士采訪錄

我一生與母親無比親密。她是一位卓越的教育家、作家，是一位了不起的女士。不幸的是，她患上了糖尿病引起的並發症。當她喪失視力和大部分行走能力時，我驚恐萬狀。七、八年前，她摔了一跤便離開人世。在她的葬禮上，我發誓有朝一日要為她那樣的疾病做點什麼。

2. Years passed and I read about the work the South Koreans had done
with stem cells. In 2004 and 2005 Hwang Woo-Suk fraulently reported that he
had succeeded in creating human embryonic stem cells by cloning.

時間一年年過去，我讀到了韓國人在幹細胞研究方面所做的工作。在2004年和2005年間，黃禹錫謊稱他已通過克隆技術成功地培養出人類胚胎幹細胞。

3. Back then it wasn't known it was a fraud, so it was very exciting
to think that a long list of diseases could be treated.

當時人們並不知道那是造假，所以想到一長串疾病有望得到醫治，人們興奮不已。

4. I founded the stem cell research company Stemagen with another
gentleman whose father had died of ALS. We went out for drinks one night and we
started talking about our parents. We wanted to do something that would be a
legacy for them.

我與另一位先生共同創建了斯塔摩根幹細胞研究公司。那位先生的父親死於肌萎縮性（脊髓）側索硬化。一天晚上，我們外出小酌，談論起我們的父母。我們想做點什麼，以此作為他們身後留下的遺產。

5. For Better Or Worse?

是福是禍？

6. The moment we decided to start Stemagen, I read all there was to
read about the various cloning efforts in the past. The cloned sheep Dolly in
1997 was very interesting, but at that stage people were not focusing on the
stem cell aspect of cloning; they were focusing on the reproctive
possibilities of cloning.

一決定創建斯塔摩根幹細胞研究公司，我就閱讀了有關以往各種克隆實驗的所有資料。1997年的克隆羊多利引起了人們極大的興趣。但在那個時候，人們關注的不是克隆技術的幹細胞層面，而是其無性繁殖的可能性問題。

7. Human reproctive cloning is just simply wrong ethically from a
medical standpoint and a scientific standpoint, even ignoring any religious
issues associated with it. The reason is that the majority of reproctive
clones in other species are actually abnormal, with very high miscarriage
rates, very high stillbirth rates, fetal anomalies, death soon after birth, et
cetera.

從醫學和科學的角度來看，克隆人在倫理道德上就是錯誤的，即便不去理會與其相關的宗教問題。其原因在於其他物種的無性繁殖個體事實上大多數都是畸形的，流產率很高，死產率很高，胎兒畸形，出生不久便夭折，等等。

8. It would just be absolutely wrong to take a human being and put
them through what may well involve significant suffering for really no good
end. Even though people could take the techniques that we've developed and
attempt to do it (or perhaps even be successful doing it), we hope that they
would not.

讓人經受極有可能遭到巨大痛苦的事，卻又得不到什麼好的結果，那是絕對錯誤的。即使有人能夠利用我們研發的技術，並且試圖付諸實踐（也許還能成功），我們還是希望他們不要那樣做。

9. On the other hand,
therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of risk to human life and
actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in real
human beings who are going through some awful things.

從另一方面來說，治療性的克隆技術不牽涉任何對人生命的威脅，還能真正為正在經受痛苦的人們提供緩解痛苦的極大的可能性。

10. I'm a pure scientist in some ways, and I know that many
different studies or findings could be used for evil. Our job as scientists is
to make the most of this technology and make it available to the greatest
number of other scientists who can help us do good things with it. There's
really no effective way for an indivial scientist to stop someone else from
using the knowledge for something they shouldn't.

在某種程度上，我是一個純粹的科學家，可我知道種種研究或發現可能被用來做邪惡之事。作為科學家，我們的工作是充分利用這一技術，並且使之被盡可能多的其他科學家掌握，幫助我們做好事。對於科學家個人而言，其實沒有什麼行之有效的方法可以阻止他人將知識用在他們不該用的地方。

11. We need to be honest about the techniques that we used. They
need to be able to be replicated by other people, and so, we are providing a
roadmap. I would hope that the legislation that's in place and the great public
disapproval that would result from any attempt to clone a human would dissuade
anyone from going down that path.

我們必須誠實地說明我們所使用的技術。這些技術必須能夠被他人復制，這樣，我們等於提供了一張路線圖。我希望適當的法規以及公眾對於試圖克隆人的極力反對能夠勸阻任何有此企圖的人走那條路。

12. What is it they say? There is no technology that hasn't been
used for some evil purpose at some point. Quite honestly I do think that
someone will attempt human reproctive cloning. I do think it's inevitable,
and it's virtually impossible to legislate that away.

他們是怎麼說的？他們說沒有一項技術不曾在某個時候為了某種罪惡目的而被利用過。坦誠地說，我確實認為有人會試圖克隆人。我確實認為那是不可避免的事，而且實際上也不可能通過立法加以阻止。

13. Claim to Fame

出名

14. I am spoken of as the first man to "clone himself."
There are different types of cloning. At the cellular level, yes, it's true I
am the first man to clone himself. We thought a great deal about how to deal
with the issue of whose cells we should use and whether we should let the world
and the scientific community know who the first cellular clone was.

我被說成是第一個「克隆自己」的人。有不同類型的克隆。在細胞層面上講，沒錯，我的確是第一個克隆自己的人。我們應該使用誰的細胞，是否應該讓世人及科學界知曉誰是第一個細胞克隆體，對於如何處理上述問題我們想得很多。

15. In the end we decided
that we wanted to put a human face on cloning.

最終，我們決定要讓克隆體人性化。

16. I didn't anticipate it would create the firestorm of controversy
that it's created, but I'm still glad we went down that path. We received
thousands of e-mails and phone calls from people who need help.

我沒料到這樣做竟會掀起如此軒然大波，但是對於我們走過的這條路，我仍感到高興。我們從需要幫助的人們那裡收到了成千上萬的電子郵件和電話。

17. I think by coming forward and putting a face to it we made it
very real, and now people around the world know that cloning is here. I believe
that very soon it will be used therapeutically, so I think our purpose was
served.

我認為通過主動地讓克隆體人性化，我們使克隆技術變得十分真實。現在全世界的人都知道克隆來了。我相信不久克隆技術將被用於治療疾病，所以我認為我們的目的達到了。

18. Pure Science

純科學

19. What happens is an informed and consenting woman donates an egg
and we remove her genetic material from the egg. Then we place a single skin
cell inside that egg.

事情是這樣的：一位被告知實情並表示同意的女士捐出一個卵子。我們取出卵子中的基因材料，然後把單個皮膚細胞置入這個卵子。

20. What we're really interested in is creating disease-specific and
person-specific stem cell lines. The procere of taking cells from a person
takes no more than a minute or two. You can take some skin cells from the arm,
for example, and in one to two minutes, you can get the cells that you need to
carry out this process.

我們真正感興趣的是建立特定疾病及特定個體的幹細胞系列。從某人身上取出細胞的程序不過一兩分鍾的工夫。比方說，你可以從手臂提取皮膚細胞，一兩分鍾後，便可得到實施這一過程所需的細胞。

21. This process enables us to study the causes of specific
diseases, such as Alzheimer's Disease, ALS or Parkinson's Disease, and then
research a variety of treatments for these diseases. If the stem cell lines are
created for any given indivial and are later transplanted back into the
indivial, they will not be rejected by the indivial.

這一過程有助於我們探究諸如早老性痴呆病、肌萎縮性（脊髓）側索硬化或者帕金森氏病之類特定疾病的起因，並著手研究治療這些疾病的種種方法。如果幹細胞系列是針對某一特定個體而培育的，然後又被移植回那個個體，它們就不會遭排異。

22. Sweet Success

甜蜜的成功

23. I always thought that when our research was successful I would
just be pleased that we had accomplished this when others had not. In reality,
it is transcendent — when you look through the microscope, you see what you may
have looked like a long time ago, at least in part.

我一直這么想，當我們的研究獲得成功時，我會為我們取得了別人還未取得的成果而欣喜。事實上，這一研究成果真是妙不可言——透過顯微鏡，你至少部分地看到自己很久以前大概是什麼模樣。

24. When I looked down and saw that cloned blastocyst, it brought
tears to my eyes. I had done this for my
mother, and I realized, had she only been able to live a few years longer,
maybe we could have used this technology to help her. It was emotional to see
that potential, which she never had a chance to experience.

當我低下頭看到克隆出的胚泡時，不由得淚水盈眶。我是為母親而做這一研究的。我想，母親只要能多活幾年，我們或許就可以利用這一技術挽救她。看到存在那樣一種可能，一種母親沒有機會親身享用的可能，不禁令人感慨萬千。

25. There's a big misconception out there that we decided to destroy
these embryos for some reason. There was
so much skepticism about this process because of the scientific fraud from the
past that it was critical that there be no doubt that they were clones.

我們出於某種原因決定毀掉這些克隆胚胎，對此外界有很大誤解。由於以往的科學造假行為，人們對於我們的研究過程抱有諸多懷疑，所以確保它們確系克隆胚胎是至關重要的。

26. In the process of analysis, the embryos were destroyed by
necessity. In other words, to get the genetic material from inside the cells to
analyze it, you have to destroy the cell. We would have loved to have been able
to avoid destroying them.

在分析的過程中，我們必須毀掉那些胚胎。換句話說，從細胞里提取遺傳物質進行分析，你只得毀壞細胞。我們多麼希望能夠避免毀掉它們啊。

27. Now we're working full-time on creating stem cell lines, and
people are watching with great interest.

目前我們正夜以繼日地培育幹細胞系列，人們也饒有興趣地關注著這項工作的進展。

28. The Pope And The President

教皇和總統

29. There are a variety of opponents to our work.

我們的工作遭到各方人士的反對。

30. We were condemned by theVaticanand mentioned in a negative
light in President Bush's State of the Union address. In a sense it's an honor
because it shows that we're doing something significant. It's not every day
that you get condemned by theVaticanand President Bush in the same week.

羅馬教廷譴責我們，布希總統的國情咨文對我們也頗有微詞。在某種意義上，這是一種榮耀，因為這表明我們正做著有重大意義的事情。一周之內同時遭到羅馬教廷和布希總統的譴責，這樣的事可不是天天發生的。

31. There's usually no dialogue between the researchers in the
embryonic stem cell field and those who oppose it.

胚胎幹細胞領域的研究人員和持反對意見的人士之間往往沒有對話。

32. It doesn't make sense to me that it's such an emotional and
contentious topic. Logically, this is not life. I agree it's a potential life,
but the vast majority of embryos never become life. The majority generate,
don't implant and die. A fetus is a life. That argument makes sense to me, but
it doesn't make sense to me to look at an embryo in a lab and give it all the
rights of a human life.

這個話題如此惹人激動，並引起偌大的爭議，依我看來實在大可不必。從邏輯上講，胚胎並不是生命。我承認胚胎有可能成為生命，但是，大多數胚胎永遠不會成為生命。多數胚胎生成後，並不用於移植，隨即消亡。胎兒具有生命。依我之見，那個觀點才合乎情理。但是，看著實驗室里的胚胎，賦予它人命的一切權利，在我看來則有失偏頗。

3. 大學英語綜合教程3第5課課文翻譯

大學英語綜合教程3第5課課文原文及翻譯：

Writing Three Thank-You Letters
Alex Haley
1 It was 1943, ring World War II, and I was a young U. S. coastguardsman. My ship, the USS Murzim, had been under way for several days. Most of her holds contained thousands of cartons of canned or dried foods. The other holds were loaded with five-hundred-pound bombs packed delicately in padded racks. Our destination was a big base on the island of Tulagi in the South Pacific.
寫三封感謝信

亞利克斯·黑利

那是在二戰期間的1943年，我是個年輕的美國海岸警衛隊隊員。我們的船，美國軍艦軍市一號已出海多日。多數船艙裝著成千上萬箱罐裝或風乾的食品。其餘的船艙裝著不少五百磅重的炸彈，都小心翼翼地放在墊過的架子上。我們的目的地是南太平洋圖拉吉島上一個規模很大的基地。
2 I was one of the Murzim's several cooks and, quite the same as for folk ashore, this Thanksgiving morning had seen us busily preparing a traditional dinner featuring roast turkey.
我是軍市一號上的一個廚師，跟岸上的人一樣，那個感恩節的上午，我們忙著在准備一道以烤火雞為主的傳統菜餚。
3 Well, as any cook knows, it's a lot of hard work to cook and serve a big meal, and clean up and put everything away. But finally, around sundown, we finished at last.
當廚師的都知道，要烹制一頓大餐，擺上桌，再刷洗、收拾干凈，是件辛苦的事。不過，等到太陽快下山時，我們總算全都收拾停當了。
4 I decided first to go out on the Murzim's afterdeck for a breath of open air. I made my way out there, breathing in great, deep draughts while walking slowly about, still wearing my white cook's hat.
我想先去後甲板透透氣。我信步走去，一邊深深呼吸著空氣，一邊慢慢地踱著步，頭上仍戴著那頂白色的廚師帽。

5 I got to thinking about Thanksgiving, of the Pilgrims, Indians, wild turkeys, pumpkins, corn on the cob, and the rest. 我開始思索起感恩節這個節日來，想著清教徒前輩移民、印第安人、野火雞、南瓜、玉米棒等等。
6 Yet my mind seemed to be in quest of something else -- some way that I could personally apply to the close of Thanksgiving. It must have taken me a half hour to sense that maybe some key to an answer could result from reversing the word "Thanksgiving" -- at least that suggested a verbal direction, "Giving thanks."
可我腦子里似乎還在搜索著別的事什麼――某種我能夠賦予這一節日以個人意義的方式。大概過了半個小時左右我才意識到，問題的關鍵也許在於把Thanksgiving這個字前後顛倒一下――那樣一來至少文字好懂了：Giving thanks。
7 Giving thanks -- as in praying, thanking God, I thought. Yes, of course. Certainly.
表達謝意――就如在祈禱時感謝上帝那樣，我暗想。對啊，是這樣，當然是這樣。
8 Yet my mind continued turning the idea over.
可我腦子里仍一直盤桓著這事。
9 After a while, like a dawn's brightening, a further answer did come -- that there were people to thank, people who had done so much for me that I could never possibly repay them. The embarrassing truth was I'd always just accepted what they'd done, taken all of it for granted. Not one time had I ever bothered to express to any of them so much as a simple, sincere "Thank you."
過了片刻，如同晨曦初現，一個更清晰的念頭終於涌現腦際――要感謝他人，那些賜我以諸多恩惠，我根本無以回報的人們。令我深感不安的實際情形是，我向來對他們所做的一切受之泰然，認為是理所應當。我一次也沒想過要對他們中的任何一位真心誠意地說一句簡單的謝謝。
10 At least seven people had been particularly and lastingly helpful to me. I realized, swallowing hard, that about half of them had since died -- so they were forever beyond any possible expression of gratitude from me. The more I thought about it, the more ashamed I became. Then I pictured the three who were still alive and, within minutes, I was down in my cabin.
至少有七個人對我有過不同尋常、影響深遠的幫助。令人難過的是，我意識到，他們中有一半已經過世了――因此他們永遠也無法接受我的謝意了。我越想越感到羞愧。最後我想到了仍健在的三位，幾分鍾後，我就回到了自己的艙房。
11 Sitting at a table with writing paper and memories of things each had done, I tried composing genuine statements of heartfelt appreciation and gratitude to my dad, Simon A. Haley, a professor at the old Agricultural Mechanical Normal College in Pine Bluff, Arkansas; to my grandma, Cynthia Palmer, back in our little hometown of Henning, Tennessee; and to the Rev. Lonual Nelson, my grammar school principal, retired and living in Ripley, six miles north of Henning.
我坐在攤著信紙的桌旁，回想著他們各自對我所做的一切，試圖用真摯的文字表達我對他們的由衷的感激之情：父親西蒙·A·黑利，阿肯色州派因布拉夫那所古老的農業機械師范學院的教授；住在田納西州小鎮亨寧老家的外祖母辛西婭·帕爾默；以及我的文法學校校長，退休後住在亨寧以北6英里處的里普利的洛紐爾·納爾遜牧師。
12 The texts of my letters began something like, "Here, this Thanksgiving at sea, I find my thoughts upon how much you have done for me, but I have never stopped and said to you how much I feel the need to thank you -- " And briefly I recalled for each of them specific acts performed on my behalf.
我的信是這樣開頭的：「出海在外度過的這個感恩節，令我回想起您為我做了那麼多事，但我從來沒有對您說過自己是多麼想感謝您――」我簡短回憶了各位為我所做的具體事例。
13 For instance, something uppermost about my father was how he had impressed upon me from boyhood to love books and reading. In fact, this graated into a family habit of after-dinner quizzes at the table about books read most recently and new words learned. My love of books never diminished and later led me toward writing books myself. So many times I have felt a sadness when exposed to modern children so immersed in the electronic media that they have little or no awareness of the marvelous world to be discovered in books.
例如，我父親的最不同尋常之處在於，從我童年時代起，他就讓我深深意識到要熱愛書籍、熱愛閱讀。事實上，這一愛好漸漸變成一種家庭習慣，晚飯後大家圍在餐桌旁互相考查近日所讀的書以及新學的單詞。我對書籍的熱愛從未減弱，日後還引導我自己撰文著書。多少次，當我看到如今的孩子們如此沉迷於電子媒體時，我不由深感悲哀，他們很少，或者根本不了解書中所能發現的神奇世界。
14 I reminded the Reverend Nelson how each morning he would open our little country town's grammar school with a prayer over his assembled students. I told him that whatever positive things I had done since had been influenced at least in part by his morning school prayers.
我跟納爾遜牧師提及他如何每天清晨和集合在一起的學生做禱告，以此開始鄉村小學的一天。我告訴他，我後來所做的任何有意義的事，都至少部分地是受了他那些學校晨禱的影響。
15 In the letter to my grandmother, I reminded her of a dozen ways she used to teach me how to tell the truth, to share, and to be forgiving and considerate of others. I thanked her for the years of eating her good cooking, the equal of which I had not found since. Finally, I thanked her simply for having sprinkled my life with starst.
在給外祖母的信中，我談到了她用了種種方式教我講真話，教我與人分享，教我寬恕、體諒他人。我感謝她多年來讓我吃到她燒的美味菜餚，離開她後我從來沒吃過那麼可口的菜餚。最後，我感謝她，因為她在我的生命中撒下美妙的遐想。
16 Before I slept, my three letters went into our ship's office mail sack. They got mailed when we reached Tulagi Island.
睡覺前，我的這三封信都送進了船上的郵袋。我們抵達圖拉吉島後都寄了出去。
17 We unloaded cargo, reloaded with something else, then again we put to sea in the routine familiar to us, and as the days became weeks, my little personal experience receded. Sometimes, when we were at sea, a mail ship would rendezvous and bring us mail from home, which, of course, we accorded topmost priority.
我們卸了貨，又裝了其它物品，隨後我們按熟悉的常規，再次出海。 一天又一天，一星期又一星期，我個人的經歷漸漸淡忘。我們在海上航行時，有時會與郵船會合，郵船會帶給我們家信，當然這是我們視為最緊要的事情。

18 Every time the ship's loudspeaker rasped, "Attention! Mail call!" two hundred-odd shipmates came pounding up on deck and clustered about the two seamen, standing by those precious bulging gray sacks. They were alternately pulling out fistfuls of letters and barking successive names of sailors who were, in turn, shouting back "Here! Here!" amid the pushing.
每當船上的喇叭響起：「大夥聽好！郵件點名！」200名左右的水兵就會沖上甲板，圍聚在那兩個站在寶貴的鼓鼓囊囊的灰色郵袋旁的水手周圍。兩人輪流取出一把信，大聲念收信水手的名字，叫到的人從人群當中擠出，一邊應道：「來了，來了！」
19 One "mail call" brought me responses from Grandma, Dad, and the Reverend Nelson -- and my reading of their letters left me not only astonished but more humbled than before.
一次「郵件點名」帶給我外祖母，爸爸，以及納爾遜牧師的回信――我讀了信，既震驚又深感卑微。
20 Rather than saying they would forgive that I hadn't previously thanked them, instead, for Pete's sake, they were thanking me -- for having remembered, for having considered they had done anything so exceptional.
他們沒有說他們原諒我以前不曾感謝他們，相反，他們向我致謝，天哪，就因為我記得，就因為我認為他們做了不同尋常的事。
21 Always the college professor, my dad had carefully avoided anything he considered too sentimental, so I knew how moved he was to write me that, after having helped ecate many young people, he now felt that his best results included his own son.
身為大學教授的爸爸向來特別留意不使用任何過於感情化的文字，因此， 當他對我寫道，在教了許許多多的年輕人之後，他認為自己最優秀的學生當中也包括自己的兒子時，我知道他是多麼地感動。
22 The Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a "simple, old-fashioned principal" had ended with schools undergoing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt. "I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right," he said, adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated.
納爾遜牧師寫道，他那平凡的傳統校長的歲月隨著學校里發生的如此迅猛的變化而結束，他懷著自我懷疑的心態退了休。「說我做得不對的遠遠多於說我做得對的，」 他寫道，接著說我的信給他帶來了振奮人心的信心：自己的校長生涯還是有其價值的。
23 A glance at Grandma's familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of standing alongside her white rocking chair, watching her "settin' down" some letter to relatives. Character by character, Grandma would slowly accomplish one word, then the next, so that a finished page would consume hours. I wept over the page representing my Grandma's recent hours invested in expressing her loving gratefulness to me -- whom she used to diaper!
一看到外祖母那熟悉的筆跡，我頓時回想起往日站在她的白色搖椅旁看她給親戚寫信的情景。外祖母一個字母一個字母地慢慢拼出一個詞，接著是下一個詞，因此寫滿一頁要花上幾個小時。捧著外祖母最近花費不少工夫對我表達了充滿慈愛的謝意，我禁不住流淚――從前是她給我換尿布的呀。
24 Much later, retired from the Coast Guard and trying to make a living as a writer, I never forgot how those three "thank you" letters gave me an insight into how most human beings go about longing in secret for more of their fellows to express appreciation for their efforts.
許多年後，我從海岸警衛隊退役，試著靠寫作為生，我一直不曾忘記那三封「感謝」信是如何使我認識到，大凡人都暗自期望著有更多的人對自己的努力表達謝意。
25 Now, approaching another Thanksgiving, I have asked myself what will I wish for all who are reading this, for our nation, indeed for our whole world -- since, quoting a good and wise friend of mine, "In the end we are mightily and merely people, each with similar needs." First, I wish for us, of course, the simple common sense to achieve world peace, that being paramount for the very survival of our kind.
現在，感恩節又將來臨，我自問，對此文的讀者，對我們的祖國，事實上對全世界，我有什麼祝願，因為，用一位善良而且又有智慧的朋友的話來說，「我們究其實都是十分相像的凡人，有著相似的需求。」當然，我首先祝願大家記住這一簡單的常識：實現世界和平，這對我們自身的存亡至關重要。
26 And there is something else I wish -- so strongly that I have had this line printed across the bottom of all my stationery: "Find the good -- and praise it."
此外我還有別的祝願――這一祝願是如此強烈，我將這句話印在我所有的信箋底部：「發現並褒揚各種美好的事物。」
Thanksgiving, like Spring Festival, brings families back together from across the country. Waiting for her children to arrive, Ellen Goodman reflects on the changing relationship between parents and children as they grow up and leave home, often to settle far away.
如同春節那樣，散居各處的美國人到感恩節就回家團聚。埃倫·古德曼在等待著子女回家的同時，思索著當子女長大離家，常常在遠方定居之後，父母與子女關系的不斷變化。