人教版初二上英語語法總結
❶ 人教版八年級上冊英語語法知識梳理
1) leave的用法
1.「leave+地點」表示「離開某地」。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai? 你什麼時候離開上海的?
2.「leave for+地點」表示「動身去某地」。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,愛麗斯要去倫敦了。
3.「leave+地點+for+地點」表示「離開某地去某地」。例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你為什麼要離開上海去北京?
2) 情態動詞should「應該」學會使用
should作為情態動詞用,常常表示意外、驚奇、不能理解等,有「竟會」的意思,例如:
How should I know? 我怎麼知道?
Why should you be so late today? 你今天為什麼來得這么晚?
should有時表示應當做或發生的事,例如:
We should help each other.我們應當互相幫助。
我們在使用時要注意以下幾點:
1. 用於表示「應該」或「不應該」的概念。常指長輩教導或責備晚輩。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你應該把手洗干凈了再來。
2.用於提出意見勸導別人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感覺不舒服,你最好去看醫生。
3. 用於表示可能性。should的這一用法是考試中常常出現的考點之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我們在晚飯前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她隨時都可能來。
3) What...? 與 Which...?
1. what 與 which 都是疑問代詞,都可以指人或事物,但是what僅用來詢問職業。如:
What is your father? 你父親是干什麼的?
該句相當於:
What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范圍內的某一個人。如:
---Which is Peter? 哪個是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 瑪麗背後的那個男孩。
2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物沒有范圍的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范圍的限制。如:
What color do you like best?(所有顏色)你最喜愛什麼顏色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?
你最喜愛哪一種顏色? (有特定的范圍)
3. what 與 which 後都可以接單、復數名詞和不可數名詞。如:
Which pictures are from China?哪些圖片來自中國?
4) 頻度副詞的位置
1.常見的頻度副詞有以下這些:
always(總是,一直)
usually(通常)
often(常常,經常)
sometimes(有時候)
never(從不)
2.頻度副詞的位置:
a.放在連系動詞、助動詞或情態動詞後面。如:
David is often arrives late for school.大衛上學經常遲到。
b.放在行為動詞前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天經常在7:10去上學。
c.有些頻度副詞可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強調。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.
有時我步行回家,有時我騎自行車。
3.never放在句首時,主語、謂語動詞要倒裝。如:
Never have I been there.我從沒到過那兒。
5) every day 與 everyday
1. every day作狀語,譯為「每一天」。如:
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我們每天7:10去上學。
I decide to read English every day.
我決定每天讀英語。
2. everyday 作定語,譯為「日常的」。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚飯後在電視上看日常英語。
What's your everyday activity?你的日常活動是什麼?
6) 什麼是助動詞
1.協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞片語的詞叫助動詞(Auxiliary Verb)。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞(Main Verb)。助動詞自身沒有詞義,不可單獨使用。例如:
He doesn't like English.他不喜歡英語。
(doesn't是助動詞,無詞義;like是主要動詞,有詞義)
2.助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用,可以用來:
a. 表示時態,例如:
He is singing.他在唱歌。
He has got married.他已結婚。
b. 表示語態,例如:
He was sent to England.他被派往英國。
c. 構成疑問句,例如:
Do you like college life?你喜歡大學生活嗎?
Did you study English before you came here?你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?
d. 與否定副詞not合用,構成否定句,例如:
I don't like him. 我不喜歡他。
e. 加強語氣,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。
He did know that. 他的確知道那件事。
3.最常用的助動詞有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do與remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘記要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘記做過某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
辦公室的燈還在亮著,它忘記關了。(沒有做關燈的動作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘記他已經關了燈了。( 已做過關燈的動作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
別忘了明天來。(to come動作未做)
典型例題
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知燈亮著,即關燈的動作沒有發生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示燈已經關上了,而自己忘記了這一事實。此處不符合題意。
2.remember to do記得去做某事(未做);
remember doing記得做過某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.記著放學後去趟郵局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不記得以前見過那個人嗎?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用於表示事物的特徵特點,表示客觀形式的形容詞,如:
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 對他來說學兩門外語是很難的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主觀感情或態度的形容詞。如:
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你來幫助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 與of 的辨別方法:
用介詞後面的代詞作主語,用介詞前邊的形容詞作表語,造個句子。如果道理上通順用of,不通則用for。如:
You are nice.(通順,所以應用of)。
He is hard.(人是困難的,不通,因此應用for。)
9) 對兩個句子的提問
新目標英語在命題中有將對句子劃線提問這一題型取消的趨勢,現在採取的作法是對一個句子進行自由提問。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提問:1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很顯然,學生多了更多的回答角度,也體現了考試的靈活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提問:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such與不定冠詞的使用
1.so與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「so+形容詞+a/an+名詞」。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big a house.
2.such與不定冠詞a、an連用,結構為「such+a/an+形容詞+名詞」。如:
It is such a nice day.
That was such an interesting story.
11) 使用-ing分詞的幾種情況
1.在進行時態中。如:
He is watching TV in the room.
They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.
2.在there be結構中。如:
There is a boy swimming in the river.
3.在have fun/problems結構中。如:
We have fun learning English this term.
They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.
4.在介詞後面。如:
Thanks for helping me.
Are you good at playing basketball?
5.在以下結構中:
enjoy doing sth樂於做某事
finish doing sth 完成做某事
feel like doing sth 想要做某事
stop doing sth 停止做某事
forget doing sth 忘記做過某事
go on doing sth 繼續做某事
remember doing sth 記得做過某事
like doing sth 喜歡做某事
keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事
find sb doing sth 發現某人做某事
see/hear/watch sb doing sth
看到/聽到/觀看某人做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
need doing sth 需要做某事
prefer doing sth 寧願做某事
mind doing sth 介意做某事
miss doing sth 錯過做某事
practice doing sth 練習做某事
be busy doing sth 忙於做某事
can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事
12) 英語中的「單數」
1.主語的第三人稱單數形式,即可用「he,she,it」代替的。如:
he,she, it,my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle
2.名詞有單數名詞和復數名詞。如:
man(單數)---men(復數) banana(單數)---bananas(復數)
3.動詞有原形,第三人稱單數形式,-ing分詞,過去式,過去分詞。如:
go---goes---going---went---gone
work---works---working---worked---worked
watch---watches---watching---watched---watched
當主語為第三人稱單數的時候,謂語動詞必須用相應的第三人稱單數形式。如:
The boy wants to be a sales assistant.
Our English teacher is from the US.
Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.
❷ 人教版初二上冊英語知識點總結
Unit 1 1. go to the movies = go to the cinema = see a film/movie 看電影 2. look after = take care of 照顧 3. surf the Internet 上網 4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式 5. go skateboarding 去滑板 6. (be) in good health =(be)healthy身體健康 7. keep healthy = keep in good health 保持健康 8. as for至於 9. take/do exercise=play/ do sports鍛煉,做運動 10. eating habits 飲食習慣 11. the same as 與……相同 12. once a month一月一次 13. be different from 不同 14. twice a week一周兩次 15. make a difference to 對什麼有影響 16. how often 多久一次(詢問頻率)17. although = though雖然,盡管。(引導讓步狀語從句)18. most of the students = most students大多數學生 19. activity survey活動調查 20. go shopping=do some shopping 購物 21. do homework做家庭作業 22. do housework做家務 23. junk food垃圾食物 24. be good/bad for 對……有益(害) be good at 擅於,be good with 與…相處得好25. on/at weekends 在周末 26. want to do sth=would like to do sth =feel like doing sth 想要做某事 27. want sb to do sth = would like sb to do sth想要某人做某事 28. try to do sth 盡量做某事 try doing sth.試著做某事 try one』s best to do sth.盡力做某事 29. come home from school放學回家 30. of course = certainly = sure當然 31. get good grades取得好成績 32. help sb ( to )do sth 幫助某人做某事, 33. help sb with sth在某方面幫助某人 34. a lot of = lots of = many / much許多,大量的
35. three times a week 一周三次
36. the results of …的結果
37. kind of 有一點,有幾分
38. hardly ever 很少,幾乎不
Unit 2 1. have/ catch a cold = have got a cold 感冒 2.a sore back/throat 背(咽喉)痛 3. have a stomachache 胃痛 4. lie down and rest 躺下休息 5. see a/the dentist 看牙醫 6. drink lots of water 多喝水 7. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶 8. a good idea 好主意. 9. stressed out 筋疲力盡 10. a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 11. traditional Chinese doctors傳統中醫醫生 12. a balance of yin and yang陰陽平衡 13. too much yin 陰氣太盛 14. a balanced diet飲食平衡 15. healthy/yin/yang food 健康(陰性,陽性)食品 16. at the moment = now 此刻 17. enjoy oneself = have a good/great time = have fun = have a wonderful time 玩得高興,過得愉快 19. host family 寄宿家庭 20. conversation practice會話練習,對話練習21. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事, like doing sth 喜歡做某事, practice doing sth. 練習做某事, mind doing sth. 介意做某事, finish doing sth. 完成某事, give up doing sth. 放棄做某事, keep doing sth. 堅持做某事. can』t stand doing sth.忍不住做某事 have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快 即:practice, mind, finish, give up, keep, can』t stand, have fun等與enjoy用法相似。
22. go to bed 上床睡覺
23. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
24. a piece of advice 一條建議
25. be popular with sb. 受…歡迎
26. stay healthy 保持健康
27. need to do sth. 需要做某事
28. stay/keep healthy 保持健康
Unit 3 1. spend time with friends和朋友們一起度過時光 2. a sports camp 運動野營 3. how about= what about ……怎麼樣 4. go camping 去野營, go shopping 去買東西, go swimming 去游泳, go boating去劃船, go skating 去溜冰, go walking去散步, go climbing 去登山, go dancing去跳舞, go hiking 去徒步遠足, go sightseeing 去觀光, go bike riding 騎自行車旅行, go fishing 去釣魚 5. do some shopping 買東西, do some washing 洗衣服, do some cooking 作飯, do some reading讀書, do some speaking訓練口語 6. how long
1)多長時間 (詢問動作在時間上所延續的長度) 2)多長 (詢問事物的長度) 7. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.出示某物給某人看 give me the book=give the book to me 給我書, pass me the cup=pass the cup to me 把杯子遞給我, sell me the house=sell the house to me把房子賣給我 buy me a book =buy a book for me 給我買書, make me a cake=make a cake for me給我做蛋糕 8. get back=come back回來 9. take walks=go for walks散步 10. think about 考慮 11. decide on= decide upon 決定/計劃 12. something different 不同的事情 13. a great/exciting vacation 愉快的(令人激動的)假期 14. can』t wait to do sth. 等不及做某事 15. a famous movie star 著名的影星 16. ask sb. about sth. 向某人詢問某事 17. forget to do sth. 忘記要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事
Unit 4 1. get to school = arrive at/ reach school 到校 2. a bus stop公共汽車站, a train/ subway station火車(地鐵站)站, a bus station客運站, a TV station 電視台 3. take the subway 乘地鐵 4. ride a bike 騎自行車 5. take the/a bus乘公共汽車 6. want to do sth.想做某事 7. take a taxi乘坐計程車 8. walk to school 步行上學 9. go in one』s car 坐(某人的)車 10. in North America 在北美 11. by bike/ bus/ subway/ car/ train乘坐……車 12. in other parts of the world在世界的其他地區 13. have a quick breakfast迅速吃早飯 14. depend on=depend upon 依靠,靠……決定 15. the early bus 早班車 16. leave for 起程(動身)前往…… 17. take sb. to sp.帶某人到某處 18. a number of=many 許多 19. the number of ….的數量 20. Doing sth. takes sb. some time/ money. =It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.. =sb. spends some time/money (on sth.). =sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.. =sth. costs sb. some time/money. =sb. pay some money for sth.. 某人花費多少金錢/時間做某事 21. worry about( sb./sth.)=be worried about(sb/sth.) 為某人(事)著急/擔心 22. around the world= all over the world 世界各地,全世界 23. be different from 與……不同 24. how far 多遠
Unit 5 1. come to one』s party 參加某人的聚會 2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六的下午 3. study for a test為測驗而學習 4. go to the doctor=see a doctor 去看醫生 5. have/take a piano/guitar lesson 上一堂鋼琴(吉他)課 6. much too 太,過於 7. too much 太多 8. a birthday party 生日聚 9. soccer practice 足球訓練 10. look for 尋找
11. find out 找到,弄清楚,查明 12. be (go) on vacation 度假 13. join sb.加入某人(的行列) 14. a football match足球比賽 15. keep quiet 保持 安靜(keep+形容詞「保持某狀態」) keep+(sb.)+doing 使(某人)不停地做某事」 keep sth. 保存某物,飼養某物
16. a culture club 文化俱樂部 17. 「給某人打電話」的幾種說法: call sb.( up), phone sb.(up), phone to sb., telephone sb.(up), telephone to sb., ring sb.(up), give sb. a ring, give sb. a phone, make a telephone (call) to sb.
18. have to 不得不,必須 19. the day after tomorrow 後天 20. a science report 科學報告
Unit 6 1. talk about 談論 2. in some ways 在某些方面 3. more than 超過,多於 4. in common 共有,公共 5. be good at =do well in 擅長於 6. (not) as…as… (不)如……一樣…… 7. in school 在校求學;在學校 8. make sb. do sth. 讓某人做某事 9. look the same 看起來一樣 10. talk to/with 和……談話
11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 12. stop to do sth 接著做某事 13. begin / start with 以……開始 14. end with 以……結束 15. in the middle of 在……中間 16. a swimming poor 游泳池 17. on the other hand =on the opposite 另一方面(邊) 18. be good with=get on well with 和……相處得好 19. use… to do… 用……來做…… 20. around China=all over China 全中國 21. after that 自那以後
Unit 7 1. milk shake 奶昔 2. turn on 打開 turn off 關 turn up 調大,調亮 turn down 調小,調暗 3. pour…into… 把……倒人 4. put…into/in... 把……放入……內 5. 2 teaspoons of relish 兩茶匙調味品 6. cut up 切碎 7. add…to… 把……加入……中 8. mix up 混合在一起 9. make a banana milk shake 做香蕉奶昔
Unit 8 1. go to the aquarium 去水族館 2. take photos 照相,拍照 3. hang out with sb. 和某人閑逛 4. win a prize 獲獎(金) 5. take the bus back to school 乘公共汽車回學校 6. ice cream 冰激淋 7. at the end of 在……的盡頭,in the end 最後(at last, finally),by the end of 到…時為止8. go for a drive 開車兜風 9. thanks for doing sth. 感謝某人做了某事 10. day off 休假 11. have fun doing sth. 很高興做某事 12. have a yard sale 進行庭院舊貨出售 13. school trip 學校組織的旅行 14. in the future 將來,未來
Unit 9 1. learn to do sth. 學會做某事 2. start doing(to do) sth. 開始做某事 3. have a party 舉行一次聚會 4. be born 出生 5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下來去做某事 6. for example 例如…… 7. too…to… 太……而不能…… 8. a professional soccer player 一個專業的足球運動員 9. a movie star 一位影星 10. free time 空閑時間,業余時間 11. see sb. do sth. 看見某人做了某事 see sb. doing sth. 看見某人在做某事
12. begin doing(to do) sth. 開始做某事 13. a skating champion 一位溜冰冠軍 14.the first prize 第一名,一等獎15. the 70-year history 七十年的歷史 16. the International Piano Competition 國際鋼琴比賽 17. at the age of 在……(多大年齡)的時候 18. major in sth. 主修某科目 19. take (an active) part in (積極)參加(活動、比賽等)20. because of 因為(復合介詞,後接名詞、代詞)21. the number one women』s singles player 女子單打頭號種子選手
Unit 10 1. grow up成長 2. a basketball player 一位籃球運動員 3. a computer programmer 一位電腦程序設計師 4. take (acting)lessons 上(表演)課 5. somewhere interesting 有趣的地方 6. a part-time job 一份零工,一份兼職工作 7. a/one year or two=one or two years 一兩年 8. save money 省錢;攢錢 9. make money 掙錢、賺錢 10. at the same time 同時 11. all over the world 全世界 (= around the world)12. send… to… 送……到…… 13. get good grades 取得好分數(成績) 14. communicate with sb. 與……交際;與……交流 15. a teaching job 一份教學的工作
16. a foreign language teacher一位外語教師
17. take acting lessons 上表演課
18. at the same time 同時
19. hold art exhibitions 舉起藝術展覽
21. be sure 確定,確信
22. New Year』s resolutions 新年決心
23. play an instrument 演奏一種樂器
24. make the soccer team 組建足球隊
25. sound like 聽起來像... (後接名詞)
26. keep fit/healthy 保持健康
27. hold/have a welcome party 舉行歡迎會
28. learn a foreign language 學習一門外語
29. make a resolution to do sth. = resolve to do sth. 下決心做某事
30. exchange student 交換生
31. do/play sports 做運動
32. move to 搬遷到,移至
33. learn to do sth. 學習做某事
Unit 11 1. take out 拿出來 2. make the bed 整理床鋪 3. sweep the floor 掃地,清潔地面 4. fold one』s clothes 疊衣服 5. clean the living room 打掃起居室 6. like to do sth. 喜歡干…… 7. invite… t0… 邀請……到…… 8. take care of = look after 照顧 9. forget to do sth. 忘記要去干…… forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事 10. work on 從事,操作,演算 11. on vacation 度假
Unit 12 1.close to home 離家近的 2. a movie theater 電影院 comfortable seats 舒適的座位 4. do a survey of 做一個…...調查 5. play a piano piece 彈一支鋼琴曲 6. the price of ……的價格 7. the radio station 廣播電台 8. think about 考慮 9. a talent show 才能展示 10. a boring TV show 乏味的電視節目 11. a 1ot 許多,很,非常 12. make mushroom soup 做蘑菇湯 13. a speech contest 一次演講比賽 14. a creative job 富有創造性的工作 15. an elementary school 小學
❸ 人教版初二上冊的英語知識點歸納
初二英語知識點復習(總結版)
1.
take:拿走
takesb./sth.tosomeplace;
takesth.withyou
bring:帶來
bringsthforapicnic
It』sgoingtorain,pleasetakeanumbrellawithyou.
You』.
2.
keep+名詞+形容詞
Keepthewindowsopen,it』shothere.
keepsbdoingsth
I』msorryI』vekeptyouwaitingforalongtime.
keep表示「借」用於和一段時間連用:
HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?
3.
let/make/havesbdosth
讓(使)某人干某事
Let』sgotothezoo!
Howdidhemakethebabystopcrying?
4.
forgettodosth
忘記去做某事
remembertodosth
記得去做某事
forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事
rememberdoingsth
記得做過某事
5.
stoptodosth
停下來做另一件事情
stopdoingsth
停止正在做的事情
stopsbfromdoingsth
阻止某人干某事
Let』sstoptohaveatest,it』stoohottoday.
,thestudentsstoppedtalking.
.
begin/start
todosth
6.
tell/asksbtodosth
否定形式tell/asksbnottodosth.
,itwastoodangerous.
OurP.E.teachertolsastory
yesterday.
7.
see/hear/watchsbdosth
see
/hear/
watchsbdoingsth
.
8.
enjoysth;enjoydoingsth;
enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime
.Theyenjoyedthemselves.
9.
bebusywithsth
;
bebusydoingsth
Theyareallbusywiththeirwork.
10.
finishdoingsth.
Tomdidn』.
11.
want
sth
/
todosth
/
sbtodosth
wouldlike
sth
/
todosth
/
sbtodosth
feellikedoingsth.
Hedidn』tfeellikeeatinganything.
12.
hadbetterdosth
否定形式:
hadbetternotdosth
You』dbetternotsinghere,thebabyisasleep.
13.
Whynotdosth?
=
whydon』tyoudosth?
=
Whydidn』tyoudosth?
Whynotcomewithme?
14.
Whataboutsth
/
whataboutdoingsth?
=
Howabout-----?
?
15.
Thankyouforsth/
Thanksfordoingsth.
Thanksforyourhelp.
------------
It』sapleasure.
Thanksverymuchforhelpingme.
16.
instead往往放在句首或句尾
insteadofsth
/
insteadofdoingsth.
通常放中間
Hedidn』tgotothepark.Hewenttothecinemainstead.
..
17.
puton
強調動作
wear強調狀態
in介詞,構成一個短詞
Putonyouroldclothestomorrow,becausewe』lldosomecleaning.
Kateiswearingaredsweatertoday.
ThemaninabluesuitisMr.Li
18.
在if引導的
、以when,before,after,assoonas引導的
,當主句是:
態、含
或
的情況下,從句用
表示將來時。
We』llgohikingifitdoesn』traintomorrow.
itdoesn』train
=
itisn』trainy
I』.
同樣的情況還適用於not----until句型
Iwon』.
19.
在以when
引導的時間
,當從句是
態時,主句往往用
,表示在過去的某一時刻正在發生或正在進行的動作:
.
20.
It』stimeforsth/
It』stimetodosth/
It』stimeforsbtodosth.
It』stimeforustostartourlessonnow.
21.
Ittakes/
Ittook/
Itwilltake
somebodysometimeto
.
.
.
22.
it作
或
,其真正的主語或賓語是後面帶to的
:
It』snecessarytolearnEnglishwell.
.
23.
too----
to句型,
too----forsbto
dosth----,對某人來說太-----以致於不能-----
Theapplesonthe
tree
aretoohighformetoreach.
Kateistooyoungtogotoschool.
24.
enough用法:形前名後,bigenough
;
enoughfood
-----enoughtodosth
足夠-------能夠-------
Jimisoldenoughtogotoschool.
25.
little,alittle修飾
;
much修飾不可數
fewafew修飾可數名詞;
many修飾可數
alittle
afew具有肯定含義littlefew具有否定含義
some,any,alotof=lotsof既可以修飾不可數,也可以修飾可數名詞;
There
isalittletimeleft,
.
We』dbettergoshopping,therearefeweggsleft.
Mr.Littledoesn』thavemuchmoney.(
中常用much而不用alotof)
26.
muchtoo中心詞是too,常修飾形容詞,
It』smuchtoocoldtoday,
weshouldwearwarmclothes.
toomuch中心詞是much,常修飾不可數名詞,
There』stoomuchwater,
pleasebecareful..
27.
有關情態動詞的問答:
MayI------?
No,youcan』t.
No,youmustn』t.
MustI/
we
-----?
No,youneedn』t.
要注意could和can的區別:could可表示語氣的委婉,也表示過去的能力
Couldyouhelpme?
?
要注意must和haveto的區別:must強調主觀,haveto強調客觀
要注意maybe和maybe的區別:maybe在句中作謂語
Maybeit』shere.
Itmaybehere.
28.
:someone,anyone;something,anything,nothing;somebody,anybody,nobody.
Something常用於
和表示請求的疑問句中,anything用於否定句中和疑問句中,notanything=nothing
;
withoutanything=
withnothing
Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?
I』.
形容詞修飾不定代詞要放在不定代詞後面:
Bequiet!.
』snewspaper?
29.
:myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves.
要記住:一、二人稱用物主,第三人稱用
,復數self要變selves
和反身代詞有關的一些片語:enjoyoneself.
=haveagoodtime.
learnbyoneself,
leaveonebyoneself
Shehadtoteachhersonherself.
Idon』tneedyourhelp,Icandoitmyself.
30.
形容詞修飾名詞,副詞修飾動詞:
Whatastrongwind!
It』sblowingstrongly.
:be,feel,look,get,
turn,taste,smell,become,
+形容詞作表語
31.
:What+a/an+形容詞+可數名詞的單數形式+主語+謂語!
What+形容詞+可數名詞的復數形式/不可數名詞+主語+謂語!
How+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語!
Whatanicedayitis!
Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!
Howhappilytheyareplaying!
32.
反意疑問句:要注意前肯後否,前否後肯,要用
,
或情態動詞來做,
要注意否定詞:never,little,few,hardly,nothing,nobody等
祈使句的反意疑問句用:willyou?
以Let』s開頭的反意疑問句用:shallwe?
Sheusuallygetsupatsix,doesn』tshe?
There』slittlewaterinthebottle,isthere?
Pleasetakethese
bookstotheoffice,willyou?
YouhaveneverbeentoNewYork,haveyou?
33.
形容詞和副詞的
和最高級:要注意比較級和最高級的構成:
規則變化:要雙寫的:big,fat,thin,red,
不規則變化:good,
bad,
far,
ill,
比較級用在:than,
alittle+,
much+,
最高級用在:
ofall,ofthethree,inhisclass,intheworld等表示有范圍的短語中,
oneof+最高級+可數名詞的復數
34.
以so引導的
:表示-----也一樣,也如此,前後主語要不一致,要通過be動詞、助動詞、情態動詞來做:
Ireachedhomeat9:00,sodidmybrother.
Canadianseatalotofbeef,sodoChinesepeople.
35.
either---or----,neither----nor----
連接兩個主語,謂語動詞採用
;
Eitherof----或Neitherof------謂語動詞用單數;
Bothof
------或both
----and-----謂語動詞用復數
BothofthemareChinese.
NeitherofthemisAustralian.
NeitherJimnorIamAmerican.
參考:http://wenku..com/view/640026dca58da0116c174930.html
❹ 人教版初二英語語法。
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree.
完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
9. 餐館就餐用語:a table for two/sit at the table by the window/here』s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?/That』s all.
10. 問路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3個路口往右拐=take the third crossing on your right
12. 過橋go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的盡頭go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb』s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what』s the matter?=what』s wrong?=what』s the trouble?怎麼了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那裡.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+時間+to do sth. Sb做sth花費了…時間
20. 路途遙遠It』s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That』s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分鍾的步行/駕駛路程:five minutes』 walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb』s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那時
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像東京這樣的大城市
27. It』s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.(對sb來說)做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 條件狀語從句:從句一般現在時,主句一般將來時。如:If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 為…做准備get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不讓sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高興
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲憊的聲音/面帶微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 為了sth與sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 為…而抱怨,投訴
37. 生病用語:sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 頭痛,have a cough 咳嗽,have/catch a cold 感冒,have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃葯,每天3次
39. take sb』s temperature 量體溫,look over 醫生檢查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水,take more exercise 多鍛煉
41. sb醒來: sb wake up, //sb 醒著的:sb be awake
42. sb 睡著了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙著…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠葯,light music 輕音樂
46. again and again 再三地,一次又一次
47. dream about…夢見…; dream of… 夢想成為…
48. 系動詞+形容詞: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble製造麻煩,惹是生非,make a noise 製造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分鍾
51. instead/instead of…代替,取而代之,反而
52. write to sb. 寫信給sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足;stay happy 保持心情開朗
54. on time 准時;in time 按時
55. sb had better (not) do sth, sb 最好(別)做sth
56. land on …登陸
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上來
58. 不定代詞:something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we』re all by ourselves=we』re alone.單獨,獨自
60. feel a little afraid/don』t be afraid. 有點害怕/別害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也許,可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 遲早,早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顧,保管
67. 我自學英語learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 學會…
69. 記日記 keep a diary,寫日記 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 單獨留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入團/黨
72. 越來越…:比較級+and+比較級; more and more +多音節詞。如:bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比較級,the +比較級。 如:越大越好:the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 開/關(電器),turn up/down音量開大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整個故事,整件事情
76. 過了一會兒after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼臉
78. 名勝,景點interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大風;in the wind 在風里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒裝句(為了強調)There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 說完這些話,說著說著(伴隨狀語)。
85. I don』t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎樣使用它。
where to go. 我不知道該去哪裡。
what to do. 我不知道該做什麼。
86. wait for sb』s turn to do sth 等著輪到sb做sth
It』s sb』s turn to do sth. 輪到sb去做sth
被動:be+動詞過去分詞
eg:The trees are planted every year.
過去完成時:
過去完成時表示在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已經發生的動作或情況,一般用在描述過去的某個時點已經發生過的動作或情況的句子中,即:過去的過去。如:
When we got there, the football match had already started.
當我們趕到時,足球比賽已經開始了。
過去完成時由「主語+had+動詞過去分詞」構成。其肯定句,否定句和疑問句結構如下:
肯定句:主語+had+過去分詞+其他.
否定句:主語+had not+過去分詞+其他.
疑問句:Had+主語+過去分詞+其他?
He had worked for two years by then. 到那時他已經工作兩年了。
He hadn't worked for two years by then. 到那時他已經兩年不工作了。
Had he worked for two years by then? 到那時他已經工作兩年了嗎?
三、過去完成時的基本用法
1. 過去完成時表示在過去某一時間之前已完成的動作,表示對這一過去時間造成的結果或影響。常用以下幾種方式:
(1) 用by,before等構成的介詞短語。 eg:
Linda had learnt 10 English songs by the end of last month.
到上個月底,琳達已經學了10首英文歌曲。
John had repaired that machine before midnight.
在半夜之前約翰已經修好了那台機器。
(2) 用when, before, after等引導的時間狀語從句。如:
The train had started before we got to the station.
在我們到達車站之前,火車已經開了。
The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.
我到達機場時,飛機已經起飛了。
2. 過去完成時還可以表示過去某一時間以前發生開始的動作持續到
這一過去的時間。常與for, since引導的表示一段時間的短語或從句連用。如:
I had worked in a hospital for three years before I came here.
我來這之前,在一家醫院已經工作三年了。
He told us that he had worked here since 10 years before.
他告訴我他自從十年前就一直在這兒工作了。
❺ 人教版初二上冊英語語法總結
初二:
人稱代詞:主格,賓格,形容詞性物主代詞,名詞性物主代詞
形容詞,副詞的比較級
可數名詞與不可數名詞
冠詞介詞基數詞序數詞
句法:肯定,否定,一般疑問,祈使,直接引語改間接引語,讓步狀語,there be
ing,一般現在,過去進行