人教版八年級下冊英語復習提綱
① 初二下冊英語復習提綱、、人教版的、、
Unit 1 Will people have robots?
人類將會擁有機器人嗎?
一般將來時.
1.由「Will/Shall+動詞原形」構成的一般將來時.系動詞am、is、are的原形都是be.如:It will be very hot tomorrow. Shall適用於第一人稱I、We; Will適用於所有人稱,通常可以用will來代替shall. Will、Shall均可縮寫為』ll.如I will=I』ll; she will=she』ll.否定句形式:will not=won』t, shall not=shan』t .
2.與一般將來時連用的時間狀語有:tomorrow、the day after tomorrow、next week、soon、in the future、in three days、some day.
3.There be句型中的一般將來時.
There will be+名詞+其他成分 如:There will be fewer cars.
4.形容詞more、fewer、和less的用法.
More 更多的 原形many和much. 修飾C復數或U.
Fewer 更少的 原形few. 修飾C復數.
Less 更少的 原形little. 修飾U.
Unit2 What should I do?
我應該做什麼?
1.情態動詞should.
Should和can、may、must等情態動詞一樣,無人稱和數的變化,後接動詞原形,能獨立構成疑問句和否定句.如:Who should pay the taxes? You shouldn』t play football in the street.
2.情態動詞could.
單獨的情態動詞,表「能,可以」.用來提供建議,後跟動詞原形.它和should都用來提供建議.如:----I will take part in a party tomorrow night,but my clothes are out of style. I need some money to buy some clothes in style. What should I do?
----You could borrow some money from your friends.
----No,I don』t like to do that.
----Then you should get a part-time job and make some money.
3.提建議.
○1You should/could +do … 你應該/可以…
○2Why not +do…? 為什麼不 …?做…怎麼樣?
○3Why don』t you +do…? 你為什麼不 …?
○4What/How about +doing …? …如何?
Unit3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?
當飛碟到達的時候你在干什麼?
過去進行時.
1. 過去進行時表在過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行或發生的動作.是由「was/were+現在分詞」構成.was用於第一、三人稱單數,were用於其他人稱.與過去進行時連用的過去時間狀語有:at this/that time、yesterday morning、at that moment、at 10 o』clock last night等.
2. 過去進行時還可表在過去某個時間即將發生的動作.主要限於come、go、leave、meet、arrive、take off等動詞.
3. 判斷句子是否用過去進行時.
○1根據時間狀語判斷:at eight/ten o』clock last night、at this/that time yesterday、at ten yesterday evening、from 7 to 10 yesterday evening等.
○2根據when或while引導的狀語從句判斷,如:I was reading the newspaper when my father got home.
○3根據上下文的意思判斷,如:Last night,I was watching TV. Suddenly(突然) the light was out.
4. when與while在過去進行時中的句型結構.
(1) when的用法:
◇1when從句(一般過去時)+主句(過去進行時)
動作:fell into the sea、fishing.
例句:When one of them fell into the sea,the boys were fishing.
意義:主句動作正在進行過程中,又發生從句動作.
◇2when從句(過去進行時)+主句(一般現在時)
動作:walking、dropped down to.
例句:When I was walking in the park,my wallet dropped down to the ground.
意義:從句動作正在進行時,又有主句動作發生.
(2) while的用法:
◇1while從句(過去進行時)+主句(一般現在時)
動作:watching、began to rain.
例句:While I was watching the football game,it began to rain.
意義:從句動作正在進行時,又發生主句動作.
◇2While從句(過去進行時)+主句(過去進行時)
動作:washing、cooking.
例句:While Dad was washing his car,Mum was cooking.
意義:從句動作正在進行的同時,主句動作也在進行中.
5. 特別提示.
When引導的從句既可表某一點時間,後接瞬間性動詞(when句型◇1);又可表某一段時間,後接延續性動詞.也就是說:當指一段時間時,when可用while代替;但當指一點時間時,when不能用while代替.如:
When we arrived in shanghai,it was just eight o』clock.(when指一點時間)
When/while we were watching TV,he came in.(when與while指一段時間)
!注意:while (×)we arrived in shanghai…
Unit4 He said I was hard-working.
他說我工作很努力.
直接引語和間接引語.
1. 含義:引述別人的話時,採用兩種方式:一是引用別人的原話,兩邊用引號標出,稱為直接引語;二是用自己的語言轉述別人的話,稱為間接引語.引述或轉述要由動詞來承擔,有:say、tell、ask、think、write等.
2. 直接引語變間接引語的方法.
(1) 從句人稱的變化.
○1直接引語的主語是第一人稱變化時要和主句的主語保持一致.
○2直接引語的主語是第二人稱變化時要與主句的賓語保持一致.
○3直接引語的主語是第三人稱變化時人稱不變. 如:
They said,「We will go there by bus.」——They said they would go there by bus.
She said to me,「Are you interested in science?」——She asked me if I was interested in science.
His mother told me that he couldn』t go to school.
(2) 從句動詞時態的變化.
○1主句中的謂語動詞是一般現在時或一般將來時,直接引語變化時,從句時態保持一致.如:
He says,「I have finished my homework.」——He says that he has finished his homework.
She will say,「I』ll do it tomorrow.」——She will say that she』ll do it the next day.
○2主句的時態是一般過去時,從句的時態要作相應的變化,即:
◇1一般現在時——一般過去時.
◇2一般過去時——過去完成時.
◇3現在進行時——過去進行時.
◇4現在完成時——過去完成時.
◇5過去完成時——過去完成時(不變).
◇6一般將來時——過去將來時. 如:
The girl said,「I』m sorry for being late for class.」——The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class.
He said to me,「I am writing a letter.」——He told me that he was writing a letter.
(3) 直接引語如果是客觀事實或真理,變化時,從句時態不變. 如:
The teacher said,「The earth moves around the sun.」——The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.
3. 指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語和動詞的變化.
(1) 指示代詞變化:this——that. these——those等.
(2) 時間狀語變化:now——then. today——that day. yesterday——the day before. tomorrow——the next day等.
(3) 地點狀語變化:here——there.
(4) 動詞變化:come——go. 如:
She said,「I will come this evening.」——She said that she would go that evening.
He said,「My sister was here three days ago,but she is not here now.」——He said that his sister had been there three days before,but she was not there then.
4. 間接引語的語序及引導詞.
直接引語變化時,間接引語應用陳述句語序.直接引語如是陳述句,主句與從句之間用that引導,有時可省略;如是特殊疑問句,主句與從句之間就用原來的疑問詞引導;如是一般疑問句,主句與從句之間用if或whether引導. 如:
My teacher said,「I come from shanghai.」——My teacher said that he came from shanghai.
He asked me,「Where do you come from?」——He asked me where I came from.
I asked her,「Did you watch the game yesterday?」——I asked her whether she had watched the game the day before.
Unit5 If you go to the party you』ll have a great time!
如果你去參加晚會你會玩得很開心的.
If引導的條件狀語從句.
1. 含義與結構.
If意為「如果」,可用來引導條件狀語從句.條件狀語從句屬於復合句,從句表主句動作發生的前提或條件.if引導的從句在句中的位置比較靈活,可放在主句之前(這時要和主句用逗號隔開),也可放在句子的後面(不使用逗號).其結構:If+陳述句,主句+謂語=主語+謂語+if+陳述句.意為「如果…,就…」.如:
If you ask him,he will help you.
2. 用法.
(1)條件狀語從句通常由連詞if引導,意為「如果、假如」.主句不能用be going to表將來,而應該用shall、will.
○1If you leave now,you are never going to regret it.(×)
○2If you leave now,you will never regret it.(√)
(3) if引導條件狀語從句,主句用一般將來時,從句用一般現在時(主將從現).注意賓語從句中的if與條件狀語從句if的區別.賓語從句中的if「是否」相當於whether,引導賓語從句,時態需根據語境確定.如:
I don』t know if it will rain tomorrow.
Unit6 How long have you been collecting shells?
現在完成進行時的用法.
1. 概念及構成.
現在完成進行時表從過去開始一直持續到現在的動作,而且還要繼續下去,其結構:助動詞+have/has been+動詞ing.現在完成進行時的句子中多用延續性動詞,如:live、learn、study、work等.常與for tow hours、since 1996、all this morning、these few days等表示一段時間的狀語連用.如:
I have been cleaning the room all this morning.我今天一上午都在打掃房間.
I』ve been studying English since I was 4 years old.自從4歲起我就一直學英語.
2. 現在完成進行時的句型.
(1) 肯定句:主句+have/has been+動詞ing+其他.如:
I have been learning English for ten years.我學英語已經十年了.
I have been collecting stamps since I was ten years old.我從十歲起就一直在集郵.
(2)否定句:主語+have/has +not +been+動詞ing+其他.如:
I haven』t been seeing films for a long time.我有很長時間沒有看電視了.
I haven』t been doing my homework since eight o』clock.從8點鍾我就一直沒做作業.
(3)一般疑問句:Have/Has+主語+been+動詞ing+其他?
肯定回答:Yes,主語+have/has.否定回答:No,主語+haven』t/hasn』t.如:
——Have you been doing your homework since this morning?從今天早上你就一直在寫作業嗎?
——Yes,I have.
——Has he been writing the letters to his friend?他一直在給他的朋友寫信嗎?
——No,he hasn』t.
(4) 特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句?如:
How long has it been raining? 雨下多久了?
What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什麼書?
3. 現在完成進行時與現在完成時的區別.
(1) 現在完成時強調動作的完成,而現在完成進行時側重的是動作的持續進行.如:
I have read a book about birds. (已經讀完)
I have been reading a book about birds. (一直都在讀,現在還在讀,還會繼續讀下去)
(2)兩種時態都有延續性,但現在完成時往往只說明一個事實,一種影響或結果,無感情色彩;現在完成進行時表一個動作的延續,重復,有時有一定的感情色彩.如:
She has been singing all the day.她都唱了一整天了.(抱怨,厭煩)
Unit7 Would you mind turning down the music?
請你把音樂聲音調小好嗎?
1. Would you mind…?的用法.
Would you mind…?意為「你介意…嗎?」,mind後接動詞ing形式.如:
Would you mind moving your bike?
Would you mind not singing here?
(1)在Would you mind +doing…?結構中,doing為動名詞,用來提出客氣的請求.動名詞是由動詞原形加詞尾ing構成,其構成法與現在分詞一樣.
(2)Would you mind…?之後接sb.』s doing形式,用來詢問,徵求對方的意見(在非正式的文體中,doing形式之前的所有格可換成賓格形式).如:
Would you mind my(me) smoking here.
(3)在某些動詞後只能用動名詞,而另一些動詞後只能用不定式.目前我們學過的有:mind、finish、enjoy等.如:
He enjoys walking in the park.
I finished reading the book yesterday.
Would you mind opening the window.
2.動名詞的否定式:Would you mind not doing…?如:
Would you mind not shouting?
3.回答帶有mind的問句時應該注意yes或no都是針對mind選用的.表「介意,在乎」時,選用yes,後面跟句子,意思是不讓對方做某事.表「不介意,不在乎」時,選用no,後面跟句子,意思是允許對方做某事.如對Do you mind my smoking here?的回答,用Yes,you』d better not.是的,你最好別抽.用No,certainly not.不介意,你當然可以抽.
4.情態動詞shall、will及should的用法.
(1)shall
○1表說話者的意圖、允許、警告、命令、決心等.用於陳述句的第二、三人稱中,有「必須、應、可」之意.如:
You shall buy that book tomorrow.你應該明天買這本書.
○2詢問、徵求意見.如:
Shall I close the window? 我關上窗戶好嗎?
(2) should表義務、責任或勸告.有「應該、應當」之意.如:
You should learn from each other.你們應該互相幫助.
(4) will表意志、意願.有「願、要」之意.如:
Will you help me with my work? 你願意幫我做作業嗎?
(5) would是will的過去式,表請求個人想法,語氣比較婉轉.如:
I would like to express(表達)my thanks to you.我非常感想你.
Unit8 Why don』t you get her scarf?
為什麼不送她一條圍巾呢?
1.提建議.
常用的提建議的方法:
(1) Let』s+動詞原形.如:
Let』s go out for a wolk.
(2) shall we+動詞原形.如:
Shall we meet outside the school gate(大門)?
(3) How/What about+名詞或動詞ing形式.如:
What about this one?
How about playing football?
(4) You』d better(not)+動詞原形.如:
You』d better catch a bus.
You』d better not take in class.
(5)Why don』t you+動詞原形?或Why not+動詞原形?.如:
Why not make it earlier?
Why don』t you come with us?
(6) Would you like+名詞或動詞不定式?如:
Would you like a cup of tea?
如同意對方的建議,回答:Good idea/Great/Cool/Certainly/OK/Of course/Yes,please/Yes,I think so/All right/I agree with you/I』d love to.
如不同意,回答:NO,let』s…/I』m afraid not/No,thanks/I don』t think so/I don』t agree.
Unit9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?
你去過游樂園嗎?
② 人教版英語八年級下冊復習提綱
初二下學期英語復習提綱
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree. 完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
9. 餐館就餐用語:a table for two/sit at the table by the window/
here』s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?
/That』s all.
10. 問路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/
Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/
Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3個路口往右拐=take the third crossing on your right
12. 過橋go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的盡頭go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb』s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what』s the matter?=what』s wrong?=what』s the trouble?怎麼了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那裡.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+時間+to do sth. Sb做sth花費了…時間
20. 路途遙遠It』s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That』s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分鍾的步行/駕駛路程:five minutes』 walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb』s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那時
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像東京這樣的大城市
27. It』s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.(對sb來說)做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 條件狀語從句:從句一般現在時,主句一般將來時。如:If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 為…做准備get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不讓sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高興
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲憊的聲音/面帶微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 為了sth與sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 為…而抱怨,投訴
37. 生病用語:sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 頭痛,have a cough 咳嗽,have/catch a cold 感冒,have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃葯,每天3次
39. take sb』s temperature 量體溫,look over 醫生檢查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水,take more exercise 多鍛煉
41. sb醒來: sb wake up, //sb 醒著的:sb be awake
42. sb 睡著了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙著…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠葯,light music 輕音樂
46. again and again 再三地,一次又一次
47. dream about…夢見…; dream of… 夢想成為…
48. 系動詞+形容詞: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble製造麻煩,惹是生非,make a noise 製造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分鍾
51. instead/instead of…代替,取而代之,反而
52. write to sb. 寫信給sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足;stay happy 保持心情開朗
54. on time 准時;in time 按時
55. sb had better (not) do sth, sb 最好(別)做sth
56. land on …登陸
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上來
58. 不定代詞:something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we』re all by ourselves=we』re alone.單獨,獨自
60. feel a little afraid/don』t be afraid. 有點害怕/別害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也許,可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 遲早,早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顧,保管
67. 我自學英語learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 學會…
69. 記日記 keep a diary,寫日記 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 單獨留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入團/黨
72. 越來越…:比較級+and+比較級; more and more +多音節詞。如:bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比較級,the +比較級。 如:越大越好:the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 開/關(電器),turn up/down音量開大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整個故事,整件事情
76. 過了一會兒after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼臉
78. 名勝,景點interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大風;in the wind 在風里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒裝句(為了強調)There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 說完這些話,說著說著(伴隨狀語)。
85. I don』t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎樣使用它。
where to go. 我不知道該去哪裡。
what to do. 我不知道該做什麼。
86. wait for sb』s turn to do sth 等著輪到sb做sth
It』s sb』s turn to do sth. 輪到sb去做sth
希望對你能有所幫助。
③ 八年級下冊英語復習提綱
Unit 1
Useful Expressions
1. make predictions 做預測
2. free time 空閑時間
3. fly…to… 乘坐…飛往…
4. on a space station 在太空站上
5. I disagree. 我不同意.
6. fall/be in love with sb. 與sb.相愛
7. keep pets 養寵物
8. be able to 能夠
9. predict the future 預測未來
10. come true 實現
11. see sb. do sth. 看見sb.做某事(的全過程)
doing sth. 看見sb.正在做某事(片斷)
12. help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 數以百計的
14. try to do sth. 盡力做某事
15. look like 看上去長的像…
16. look for 尋找
17. 一段時間 + from now (從現在起)…之後
from now on = in the future 今後
Key Points
1. Do you think …?
I think (that)….
I don』t think (that)….
2. study at home on computer
辨析:on,in和with.
on:表示使用通訊工具、信息或傳媒,乘坐交通工具等;
in:使用語言文字等媒介;
with:藉助具體的手段或工具。
Eg. I don』t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don』t write it with a red pen.
3. Will people use money in 100 years?
「in+時間」結構常與一般將來時連用,對其進行提問時用特殊疑問詞how soon.
4. before
ago 與過去時連用
Grammar Focus
1. The Simple Future tense
一般將來時的三種基本結構:
⑴ will +V.
⑵ be going to +V.
⑶ be + Ving
一般將來時的時間狀語:in + 時間,in the future,next + 時間,
與tomorrow 相關的時間,this + 時間,from now on,right now,some day…
2.形容詞、副詞的比較級用法
Unit 2
UE
1. argue with sb. 與某人爭吵
about/over sth. 為某事爭吵
2. out of style/danger 過時/脫離險境
in style/danger 時尚/處於危險之中
3. call up sb. (代詞放中間)給某人打電話
4. keep out 不讓…進入
5. What』s wrong? 怎麼啦?
6. be surprised at … 對…感到吃驚
7. borrow sth. from sb. 從某人那裡借入某物
8. need to do sth. (某人)需要做某事
doing sth. (某物)需要做某事
9. pay … for sth. 為某物付…(錢)
10. the same + n. + as… 與…一樣的n.
11. get on well with sb. 與某人相處融洽
12. have a fight with sb. 與某人爭吵
13. take part in 加入
14. plan sth. for sb. 為某人計劃某事
15. as much as possible 盡可能多的…
KP.
1. Sb. pay …for sth. 某人為某物花了…錢。
Sth. cost sb. … 某物花了某人…錢。
Sb. spend … on sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)在某事上。
(in) doing sth. 某人花了…(時間、金錢)做某事。
It takes/took sb. … to do sth. 花了某人…(時間、金錢)做某事。
2. not … until 直到…才… (主句動詞是短暫性動詞)
until 一直到… (主句中使用延續性動詞)
3. leave
GF
情態動詞
1. 情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化;
2. 情態動詞不能直接做謂語,必須和一個動詞原形同時使用;
3. 大多數情態動詞沒有時態的變化;
4. 情態動詞加上be,通常表示猜測的語氣。
Unit3
UE
1. in front of ---- behide 在…的前面 ---- 在…的後面
in the front of ---- at the back of 在…的前部 ---- 在…的後部(包含在內)
2. take off 起飛
3. get out of 離開…
4. You are kidding. 胡說八道
5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟著某人做某事
6. get into 進入
7. shout at 訓斥、責備
shout to 向…喊叫
8. What happen? 發生什麼事了?
happen = take place 發生
9. in silence 沉默地
10. in space 在太空中
11. at the doctor』s 在診所
12. jump down from… 從…跳下
13. climb up the tree 爬上樹
KP
「as + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」表示「和…一樣」
否定形式:「not as/so + 形容詞/副詞的原級+as」 表示「和…不一樣」
GF
1. The Past Progressive Tense
過去進行時
⑴用法:表示在過去某一時刻或某段時間內正在進行的動作。
⑵謂語結構:be ( was, were )+ Ving
⑶時間狀語:at that time/moment
at + 點鍾 + yesterday/last night
from +點鍾 + to +點鍾 + yesterday
this time yesterday
just then
when he came in, ….(when引導的時間狀語從句是過去時,並且動詞是短暫性動詞時,主句使用過去進行時)
2. when & while
when與while都是從屬連詞,都有「當……時」的意思。
when 可與一個點的時間或表示一段的時間連用,從句動詞可以是短暫性或延續性動詞;
while 只指一段時間,不能指一點時間。因此while從句中的謂語動詞必須是延續性動詞。
Unit 4
UE
1. have a surprise party 舉辦一個驚喜派對
2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因為某事對某人發火
be mad about/on sth./sb. 對某事/某人很著迷
3. not … anymore = not … any more = no more 不再
4. first of all 首先
5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物遞給某人
pass on (代詞放中間)
6. work on 從事
7. be supposed to = should 應該
8. be good/better/best at 擅長於…
do well/better/best in
9. report card 成績單
10. the disappointing result 令人失望的結果
11. this semester 本學期
12. How』s it going? 你好嗎?
How goes it?
How are things going?
13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康狀況好/不好/糟糕/病著
14. end of year exams 期末考
15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 對某事/做某事感到緊張
16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事處境困難
doing sth.
17. It』s just that… 這只是由於…
18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事
doing sth. 忘記做過某事
19. get over 克服
20. for now 至今為止
21. open up 打開
22. care for 照顧
KP
1. true 符合客觀事實的(人和事)
really 真實存在的(人和事)
2. be sure that 確信…
3. I don』t think (that)… 我不認為…(否定前置)
GF
1. The object clause
賓語從句
⑴ 引導詞:that —— 引導陳述句,在句中可省略;
if,whether ——引導一般疑問句,可相互替換(從句中出現or not時只能使用whether);
wh-,h- —— 引導特殊疑問句。
主句 從句
一般現在時 各種時態
一般過去時 相應的過去時態
⑵ 時態:
注意:從句講述的是客觀真理時,不根據主句改變時態。
⑶ 語序:引導詞後加陳述句語序
「主句 + 引導詞 + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其他」
2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech
直接引語變為間接引語時參照賓語從句的變法,把雙引號內的句子變為賓語從句即可。以下是另需變化的兩點
⑷ 人稱和所有格:「 一主,二賓,三不變 」
⑸ 狀語與動詞
Unit 5
UE (Useful Expression)
1. have a great time 過得很愉快
2. wear jeans 穿牛仔褲
3. let sb. in/out/by 讓某人進來/出去/過去
4. be late for 遲到
5. be sorry (that)… 感到遺憾
6. organize sth. for … 為…組織某事
7. half (of) the class 半班
8. take away… 把…拿走、沒收
bring sth. to … 把某物帶來…
take sth. from … 從…把某物帶走
9. Why not? 為什麼不呢?
10. clean up 收拾干凈
11. make a lot of money 掙許多錢
12. be famous for… 因…而出名
be famous as… 因作為…而出名
13. join = take part in 參加
14. a professional athlete 職業運動員
15. get injured 受傷
16. a great chance 一次好機會
17. all the time 一直
18. around the world = all over the world 全世界
19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事謀生
20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事
21. decide to do sth. 決定去做某事
22. in order to do sth. 以便、為了
that + 目的狀語從句 = so that
in order 整齊、有條理、正常
23. talk on the phone 講電話
KP(Key sentences)
1. too much + 不可數名詞
too many + 可數名詞
much too + 形容詞
2. against 反對、與…相反、與…對抗
argue against 抵制
GF
1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause
條件狀語從句由if或unless引導,表示如果有從句中的動作發生,就會有主句的動作發生。在條件狀語從句中,主句是將來時、祈使句或含有情態動詞的句子時,從句要使用一般現在時表達將來的意思(即:主將從現)。
if:如果
unless:除非 = if… not…,….
Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesn』t leave for Shanghai.
= We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.
2. Imperative
Unit 6
Useful Expression
1. how long 多長時間了?
2. start class/skating/to skate 開始上課/滑冰
= begin class/skating/to skate
3. a skating marathon 一場滑冰馬拉松
4. would like = 』d like 願意、想要
5. run out of 跑完
6. by the way 順便問一下
7. more than = over 超過
8. ever since 自從
9. raise money for charity 籌集善款
10. a pair of 一雙
11. five and a half years 五年半
12. the whole five hours 整整五個小時
13. in Russian style 以俄羅斯的風格
Key sentences
1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位學生每溜冰一個小時就能為慈善事業籌到10元錢。
every 和each 都表示「每一個」,但every是指整體,each是指每個個體。
2. Next is Sam. 緊接著的是Sam。
3. Because we』ve run out of room to store them. 因為我們已經沒地方存放他們了。
4. By the way, what』s your hobby? 順便問一下,你有什麼愛好?
5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我對這份作家的工作感興趣。
6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事實上,首批猶太人可能是在一千多年前來到開封的。
7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我對中國歷史了解的越多,我就越喜歡在中國生活。
8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, …. 雖然我住得離北京很遠。
Grammar
1. 現在完成進行時
(1) 結構:have/has + been + V.ing.
(2) 用法:表示從過去某一時刻開始,一直延續到現在且很有可能持續下去;
I』ve been doing the cleaning all this morning.
表示從過去開始一直持續到現在的某一動作剛剛結束;
You』re late again! I』ve been waiting here for an hour.
表示一個一直到說話時為止的一段時間內一再重復的動作。
I have been calling you several times in two days.
(3) 時間狀語:all the time/this morning, since morning, all night,
this week/month, recently 等
(3) 對現在完成進行時的時間狀語進行提問時使用how long。
How long have you been skating?
I』ve been skating since I was seven years old.
for 5 years old.
2. 現在完成進行時與現在完成時區別:
現在完成進行時側重於動作的持續、運行;而現在完成時強調動作的完成。如:
I have written a letter to my father.(到現在信已寫完)我給我的父親寫了一封信。
I have been writing a letter to my father.(一直在寫,現在還在寫)我一直在給我的父親寫信。
再看:I wrote a letter to my father. 我給我的父親寫過一封信。
Unit 7
Useful Expression
1. turn down/up 調小/大(音量)
turn on/off 打開/關上(電源開關)
2. not at all 一點也不
3. right away = in a minute 立刻、馬上
4. do/wash the dish 洗碗
5. get out of 出來
6. put on 穿上(動作)
wear 穿著(狀態)
7. feed the dog 喂狗
keep the dog 養狗
8. return … to … 把…還給…
9. help sb. do/with sth. 幫助某人做某事
10. make posters 製作海報
11. a terrible haircut 一個糟糕的發型
12. have a long telephone conversation 褒電話粥
13. wait in line 排隊
cut in line 插隊
14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周圍
15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到惱火
16. all the time 一直
17. complain about 抱怨…
18. be polite 有禮貌
19. try (not) to do sth. 盡力(不去)做某事
20. must be 一定是
21. keep down 保持音量
22. seem like 看上去像…
23. be allowed 被允許
24. even if/though 盡管、即使
25. take care = be careful 小心
26. in public places 在公眾場合
in public 公開地,當眾地
27. put out 熄滅
28. drop litter 亂丟垃圾
29. pick up 撿起、拾起
Key sentences
1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音樂聲關小呢?
Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做(不做)…?
= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 請你做(不做)…好嗎?
2. I won』t be long. 我一會就好。
3. The pen you bought didn』t work. 你買的那把筆壞了。
= The pen you bought wasn』t broken.
= There was something wrong with the pen you bought.
= Something was wrong with the pen you bought.
4. Here you are. 給你。
Here』s what they said. 以下是他們所說的。
5. I can』t stand it. 我無法忍受。
I can』t stand to see good food to waste. 我無法忍受看著好食物被浪費。
6. Could you please not follow me around? 請你不要跟著我四周好嗎?
7. This happens to me all the time in the school library.
在學校圖書館我一直碰上這種事。
9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢?
voice: 名詞,指說話和唱歌地嗓音; talk in a loud voice 高聲交談
noise: 名詞,指人們不願聽到地噪音;
sound: 名詞,泛指自然界一切可以聽到的聲音。
10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.
例如,亂丟垃圾是不被允許的。
be allowed 被允許。 「be + 動詞的過去分詞」是被動語態
④ 八年級下冊英語期末復習提綱 人教版
初二下學期英語復習提綱
1. so+謂語+主語:…也一樣. 謂語:be動詞/助動詞/情態動詞
2. so+主語+謂語:的確如此,真的這樣.
3. help yourself/yurselves to...請隨便吃點...
4. 發現sb做sth : find sb doing sth
5. 不完全同意I don』t really agree. 完全不同意I really don』t agree.
6. 或者..或者...either…or…..就近原則
既不..也不..neither…nor….就近原則
既....又...both…and….謂語用復數
7. 看起來,似乎It seems/seemed that…..
8. 由於...而聞名be famous for….
9. 餐館就餐用語:a table for two/sit at the table by the window/
here』s the menu/May I take your order?/could we have the bill?
/That』s all.
10. 問路Which is the way to…/where is…/How can I get to…/
Is there a..near here/Can you tell me the way to…/
Can you tell me how I can get to…?
11. turn right at the third crossing/traffic lights在第3個路口往右拐=take the third crossing on your right
12. 過橋go across the bridge=cross the bridge
13. 走到路的盡頭go up this road to the end=go on until you reach the end.
14. at the street corner在街角
15. on sb』s way to….在sb去…的途中/路上
16. what』s the matter?=what』s wrong?=what』s the trouble?怎麼了?
17. be sick in hospital/in bed 生病住院/卧床
18. Maybe it is there=it may be there可能在那裡.
19. It takes/took/will take sb+時間+to do sth. Sb做sth花費了…時間
20. 路途遙遠It』s (5 kms)far(away) from…=That』s quite a long way.
21. wait for…等待
22. 五分鍾的步行/駕駛路程:five minutes』 walk/drive
23. 迷路lose sb』s way/sb be lost/sb get lost
24. just then=just at that time/moment就在那時
25. 首先first of all=at first
26. a big city like Tokyo像東京這樣的大城市
27. It』s easy/interesting/important/ (for sb) to do sth.(對sb來說)做sth是容易的/有趣的/重要的.
28. if 條件狀語從句:從句一般現在時,主句一般將來時。如:If it rains tomorrow, I will not go to the zoo.
29. at the head /end of…在…的前/尾部
30. 我的背很疼. My back hurts badly.
31. 為…做准備get /be ready for…
32. stop sb (from) doing sth.阻止/不讓sb做sth
33. have a good/wonderful time=enjoy oneself 玩得很高興
34. answer in a tired voice/with a smile 用疲憊的聲音/面帶微笑回答。
35. quarrel with sb on sth 為了sth與sb 吵架
36. complain about sth 為…而抱怨,投訴
37. 生病用語:sb have a headache=sb have a pain in the head 頭痛,have a cough 咳嗽,have/catch a cold 感冒,have cancer 得了癌症。
38. have /take the medicine three times a day 吃葯,每天3次
39. take sb』s temperature 量體溫,look over 醫生檢查病人
40. drink more water 多喝水,take more exercise 多鍛煉
41. sb醒來: sb wake up, //sb 醒著的:sb be awake
42. sb 睡著了入睡 be/fall asleep
43. 忙著…bu busy doing/with sth
44. as soon as… 一… 就 ...
45. sleeping pills安眠葯,light music 輕音樂
46. again and again 再三地,一次又一次
47. dream about…夢見…; dream of… 夢想成為…
48. 系動詞+形容詞: be/smell/taste/sound/look/feel/turn/get/become
49. make trouble製造麻煩,惹是生非,make a noise 製造噪音
50. every five minutes 每隔5分鍾
51. instead/instead of…代替,取而代之,反而
52. write to sb. 寫信給sb
53. get enough sleep 睡眠充足;stay happy 保持心情開朗
54. on time 准時;in time 按時
55. sb had better (not) do sth, sb 最好(別)做sth
56. land on …登陸
57. pull…out of..=pull…up from…拉上來
58. 不定代詞:something/anyone/nobody/everywhere等
59. we』re all by ourselves=we』re alone.單獨,獨自
60. feel a little afraid/don』t be afraid. 有點害怕/別害怕
61. perhaps=maybe也許,可能
62. not …until… 直到…才…
63. sooner or later 遲早,早晚
64. ran after追//ran to …向..跑去// ran away 逃跑了
65. eat up 吃光// use up 用完
66. take (good) care of ..=look after…照顧,保管
67. 我自學英語learn English by myself= teach myself English
68. learn to do sth 學會…
69. 記日記 keep a diary,寫日記 write a diary
70. leave sb by oneself 單獨留下sb
71. join in the League/Party 入團/黨
72. 越來越…:比較級+and+比較級; more and more +多音節詞。如:bigger and bigger , more and more interesting
73. 越…, 就越…: the +比較級,the +比較級。 如:越大越好:the bigger, the better
74. turn on/off 開/關(電器),turn up/down音量開大/小
75. the whole story=all the story整個故事,整件事情
76. 過了一會兒after a while/moment
77. make faces 做鬼臉
78. 名勝,景點interesting places=places of interest
79. my hometown in Zhejiang 我浙江的老家
80. 暑假summer holidays; 五一假期 May 1st holiday
81. a strong wind大風;in the wind 在風里
82. make sb do sth. 使/逼迫sb做sth
83. 倒裝句(為了強調)There he is./ Away he went.
84. with these words. 說完這些話,說著說著(伴隨狀語)。
85. I don』t know how to use it yet. 我不知道怎樣使用它。
where to go. 我不知道該去哪裡。
what to do. 我不知道該做什麼。
86. wait for sb』s turn to do sth 等著輪到sb做sth
It』s sb』s turn to do sth. 輪到sb去做sth
⑤ 求人教版八年級下冊英語期末復習提綱
(一)、單詞和片語(Words and Expressions)
一百年以後
活到200歲
在家學習
愛上....
養一隻寵物鸚鵡
獨居
在大學/中學
在太空站上
看上去時髦
穿一套衣服
穿著更隨意
飛向月球
世界盃
公司領導
實現
能,會
幫做家務活
厭倦...
未來,將來
有自己機器人
數以百計
就像...
似乎不可能
從現在開始
贏得比賽
住在公寓里
奧運會
打賭
紙幣
信作卡
五年前
一張紙
遙遠
似乎是...
對...來說做...是可能的
少於
多於,超過
更多的人
較少的污染
科幻小說
一本有用的字典
一條污染的河
令人愉快的一天
與...一樣
到處
一遍又一遍
盡力做(某事)
使...做...
距...遠,遠離
在網際網路上
在電腦上
做預言
自給自足
看見某人說話
不盡人意的工作
花上….(時間)
電動牙刷
在太空站生活
同我最好的朋友們住在公寓里
未來的人們
和我們做同樣的事情
觀看起來趣味盎然
到處將有更多的機器人
尋找在建築物底下的人們
in 100 years=100 years later=100 years from now
(一段時間+from now)
live to be 200 years old live===lived
study at home study===studied
fall in love with sth. ( Fall—fell掉 feel—felt感覺)
keep a pet parrot keep===kept
live alone live===lived
in college/high school
on a space station
look smart (look+ adj )
wear a suit wear===wore
dress more casually
fly to the moon fly===flew
the World Cup
the head of the company
come true come===came
be able to/can
help with the housework
get/be bored (of)
in the future
have one』s own robot (one』s為形容詞性物主代詞,如my,his,her)
hundreds of (數詞+hundred hundreds + of)
just like
seem impossible (It seems+ that從句) seem===seemed
from now (on)=in the future
win the match win===won
live in an apartment
Olympic Games
bet on bet===bet
paper money
credit card
five years ago.
a piece of paper
far away
it seems that...
It is possible for sb. to do sth
less than