高一人教版英語語法

⑴ 高一必修1英語語法 人教版的

高一英語必修一語法要點
一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

朋友，這是我自己打的，希望可以幫你哦

⑵ 高一英語語法學習有哪些

定語從句綱要：
（這是相關定語從句的精要紹介，包括了相關定語從句的多種方面，供參照：）

指導定語從句的關涉詞涵蓋關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；關系副詞有when, where, why。關系代詞和關系副詞在定語從句中都擔任一定的句法成份。關系代詞在從句中高一英語語法擔任動詞的賓語時普通可以省略。
關系代詞的選用比較復雜，受下面所開列條件的抑制：
(1) 要看先行詞是指人或者指物，
(2) 要看關系代詞在從句中句法功能，
(3) 要看定語從句是框定性的或者非框定性的。

在定語從句中擔任的成分
↓ 用於框定性或非框定性從句 只用於框定性從句
指人 指物 指人或指物
主語 who which that
賓語 whom which that
謂語 whose whose (of which)
That 只能用在框高一英語語法定性定語從句中，而who, whom, which, which 既可用於框定性定語從句中，也可用於非框定性定語從句。
I know that he is a man who means what he says.
I know that he is a man that means what he says. 【我曉得他是一個守信譽的人。】

The gentleman whom she met addressed her with courtesy.
The gentleman that she met addressed her with courtesy. 【她碰到的那位先生很有禮貌地向她打了招呼。】
The gentleman she met addressed her with courtesy.（在從高中英語語法定語從句
句中擔任動詞賓語的關系代詞，可以省略。）

The watch which was lost has been found.
The watch that was lost has been found. 【丟了的表找到達。】

Here is the material which you need. (註：現代美語中不準許這么用)
Here is the material that you need.
Here is the material you need. 【你要的材料在這兒了。】

You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 他也就是聽你的話吧。

關系副詞的選用相對高一英語語法來說比較簡單，假如先行詞是表達時間的表名稱的詞，如time, day 等，則用when, 如先行詞為表達地點的表名稱的詞，如place, house, area 等等，則選用where。假如先行詞為reason 則選用why

I will never forget the mountain village where I spent my childhood.
I will never forget the mountain village in which I spent my childhood.
我永恆也不會遺忘我度過幼年的那一個山包村。

I don』t know the reason why he did that.
I don』t know the reason for which he did that. 【我不曉得他為何這樣做。】

當先行詞是all, something, nothing 等不穩定代詞時，還是先行詞的面前有first, last, only, few, much, some, any, no 等詞修飾時，還是先行詞的面前有頂級修飾時，普通只用that 而無須which 來指導定語從句：
I have explained everything that I can to you.
I have explained everything I can to you. 【我已經盡一切有可能把事物向你詮釋得一清二楚。】

This is the most beautiful campus that I have ever been to.

⑶ 高一必修一英語語法（人教版）

若答案錯誤，請指出並解釋，重在解釋，謝謝！

1、I （ ）regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
A、no longer B、not longer C、no more D、not more
答案：A
問？為什麼C不對。

I (no longer ) regard him as my friend because he has lied to me many times.
= I didn't regard him as my friend any more because he has lied to me many times.

一個跟延續動詞,一個跟不延續的,可以用否定互換,如果覺得不好記,

no longer = don't ..... any more 記這個吧

2、There is very little room in the lab because it has （ ） too much equipment.
A、so B、far C、very D、that
答案：B
問？為什麼選B，
主要是區別什麼能放在:"too much "前面表示程度
ACD都是不行的.只能記住了.

I've had far too much already.
我已經吃得太多了。
You're running far too much.
你跑動太多了。
Now she has far too much to carry home.
現在她的東西太多了，沒法拿回家。

比較常見,也好記的.

3、 （ ） the book，he brush his hair by raising his hand slightly.
A、While reading B、To read C、Read D、When read
答案：A
問？選B可不可以。

當他讀書的時候, 他用手輕輕的梳理頭發.

這是同時發生的, 而B 不定式,表示將來意思,或是一種目的狀語,
放在這里都不適合.

用分詞,表示伴隨意義,是比較合適的.

4、Adam （ ） with the new library when he saw it for the first time.( fall in love )
問？用何種時態填空。

when he saw it 可見是過去的.
for the first time 表示結果,影響,要用完成.
had fallen in love.

第一次看到圖書館,就愛上它了.
這是表示一種結果的,用完成很常見的.

⑷ 最新人教版高一英語語法總結

5
call him a farmer 稱呼他為農民 in many ways 在許多方面 struggle for 為……斗爭
the past five decades 過去的五十年 be born in poverty 出生貧困 graate from 畢業於…… since then 從那以後 thanks to 由於
rid…of…使……擺脫…… be satisfied with 對……滿足 lead a … life 過著……生活 care about 在意…… used to 過去常常
be used to 被用來做；習慣於 get used to 習慣於
prefer to do sth. 更喜歡做某事 wish for 欲得到、願得到 no matter 無論 in need of 需要 refer to 談及；提到 be rich in 富含
insist on doing 堅持做……

6
ready to do sth 准備好要做沒某事 be against 反對
pay attention to 注意；留心 that is to say 換句說
be certain/sure to do 確信會做某事
persuade sb to do sth 說服某人干某事-結果成功 advise sb to do sth 勸說某人干某事-結果失敗 Unit3
1．instead of 而不是；代替 2．get close (to)．．． 接近…… 3．get away from 逃離 4．go for a hike 去遠足，郊遊 5．watch out (for) 注意；當心
6．protect．．．from ．．．保護……使不受…… 7．in a few days』 time 幾天之後；離……還有好幾天 8．as with 至於；就……方面來說 9．go off 走開；離去 10．see．．．off 為某人送行 11．on the other hand 另一方面 12．as well as 也；還；而且 13．used to do 過去常常做…… 14．at least 最少；至少

7
15．find out 查明；弄清楚 16．arrive at／in．．． 到達……
17．pick up 拿起；拾起；(偶然)得到；聽到；(非正規地)學到(會)；(開車)接人 18．think about 考慮 19．make notes 做筆記 20．in space 在宇宙中 21．have a picnic 野餐
bump into 撞上(=knock into)；碰見 be content with 對……滿足 worse off 境況差
astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震驚 be famous for 由於……而著名 in poverty 貧困 be well known 聞名 be set in 以……為背景 in search of 尋找 pick up 撿起
be caught in 被困在……
pick out （用個人喜好或希望進行）挑選 cut off切下 star in 表演

⑸ 高一英語語法有哪些

1定語從句 2名詞性從句 3 動詞時態 4主謂一致 5 情態動詞 6 被動語態 7it 8賓語補足語
我記得的就只有這些啦

⑹ 人教版高一英語必修一各個單元的語法知識點

一． 一般現在時
1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等
例如：I am a girl.
2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作
例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00.
3. 標志性的詞語
Always often sometimes now and then
4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現
二． 現在進行時
1． 說話時正在進行的動作
例如：I am reading.
2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語
例如：The plane is going to Beijing.
3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、
All the time等
例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較
1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B
例如：The class is twice as big as that one.
2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B
例如：The class is twice bigger than that class.
3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height
\depth\+of+B
例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構
1． With+賓語+賓語補足語
賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語
2.常用結構
○1with+賓語+doing
表主動與進行
例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him.
○2with+賓語+done
表被動與完成
例如：With all things she need bought,she went home.
○3with+賓語+to do
表將來
例如：With so many thing to deal with.
五． 現在完成進行時
現在完成進行時
1．基本表達式（I have been doing ）
I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth.
he/ she/ it has been doing sth.
2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。
The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years.
中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去）
I have been learning English since three years ago.
自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去）
3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。
We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等)
4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。
例如：They have been living in this city for ten years.
They have lived in this city for ten years.
他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。
I have been working here for five years.
I have worked here for five years.
我在這里已經工作五年了。
5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。
例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去）
我一直在寫一本書。
I have written a book.（動作已經完成）
我已經寫了一本書。
They have been building a bridge.
他們一直在造一座橋。
They have built a bridge.
他們造了一座橋。
6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。
例如：I have known him for years.
我認識他已經好幾年了。
I have been knowing...
這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。
注意：比較過去時與現在完成時
1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。
2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。
一般過去時的時間狀語:
yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語
共同的時間狀語:
this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately
現在完成時的時間狀語
for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,
不確定的時間狀語
3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。
例如： I saw this film yesterday.
（強調看的動作發生過了。）
I have seen this film.
（強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。）
Why did you get up so early?
（強調起床的動作已發生過了。）
Who hasn't handed in his paper?
（強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。）
She has returned from Paris.
她已從巴黎回來了。
She returned yesterday.
她是昨天回來了。
He has been in the League for three years.
(在團內的狀態可延續)
He has been a League member for three years.
(是團員的狀態可持續)
He joined the League three years ago.
( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。)
I have finished my homework now.
---Will somebody go and get Dr. White?
---He's already been sent for.
句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。
（錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時
1． 概念：表示過去的過去
其構成是had +過去分詞構成。
那時以前 那時 現在
2． 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。
She said (that) she had never been to Paris.
b. 狀語從句
在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。
例如：He said that he had learned some English before.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
七．現在完成進行時
1．其構成形式如下：
I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞
He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下：
2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如：
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.
Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing?
3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如：
It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下)
Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently.
4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如：
She has been playing tennis since she was eight.
5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如：
Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.
注意：
現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。
如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好.
He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。
6．否定句構成：
主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞
7．一般疑問句構成:
Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他

⑺ 人教版高中英語語法有哪些

主謂一致，倒轉句，虛擬語氣，將來時及完成時的被動語態，定語從句，名詞性從句，獨立主格結構，非謂語動詞等。

⑻ 人教版高一英語各單元語法項目

人教來版高一自英語語法課件(全部單元)
http://www.wnxk.com/kejian/yingyu/11/2008082967608.html

⑼ 急求高一人教版必修一的所有英語語法！！！

高一英語必修一語法要點
一． 一般現在時 1. 表示主語現在所處的狀態及其所具備的特徵、性格、能力等 例如：I am a girl. 2. 表示習慣性、經常性的動作 例如：I usually go to bed at 9:00. 3. 標志性的詞語 Always often sometimes now and then 4. 若助於為第三人稱單數（he she it）則動詞要用單三現 二． 現在進行時 1． 說話時正在進行的動作 例如：I am reading. 2.表示即將發生的動作，多用於go come start leave return arrive stay fly等詞語之中，句子中常常有時間狀語 例如：The plane is going to Beijing. 3.當句子中出現了always 、forever 、constantly 、continually 、 All the time等 例如：I am always thinking of you.
三． 倍數比較 1.A+系動詞+倍數詞+as+ adj \adv的原型+as+B 例如：The class is twice as big as that one. 2.A+系動詞+倍數詞+adj\adv的比較級+than+B 例如：The class is twice bigger than that class. 3.A+系動詞+倍數詞+the size\amount(數量)\ength\width\height \depth\+of+B 例如：The class is twice the size of that class.
四． With的復合結構 1． With+賓語+賓語補足語 賓語補足語根據邏輯意義的不同可以是不同的詞語，如形容詞、現在分詞、過去分詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式等，with在復合結構中常作狀語 2.常用結構 ○1with+賓語+doing 表主動與進行 例如：Tom was quite safe with Lucy standing behind him. ○2with+賓語+done 表被動與完成 例如：With all things she need bought,she went home. ○3with+賓語+to do 表將來 例如：With so many thing to deal with. 五． 現在完成進行時 現在完成進行時 1．基本表達式（I have been doing ） I/ we/ you/ they have been doing sth. he/ she/ it has been doing sth. 2．表示從過去某時開始一直持續到現在的動作，並且還將持續下去。 The Chinese have been making paper for two thousand years. 中國有2000年的造紙歷史。（動作還將繼續下去） I have been learning English since three years ago. 自從三年前以來我一直在學英語。（動作還將繼續下去） 3．表示在說話時刻之前到現在正在進行的動作。 We have been waiting for you for half an hour. 我們已經等你半個鍾頭了(人還沒到，如同在電話里說的，還會繼續等) 4．有些現在完成進行時的句子等同的句子。 例如：They have been living in this city for ten years. They have lived in this city for ten years. 他們在這個城市已經住了10年了。 I have been working here for five years. I have worked here for five years. 我在這里已經工作五年了。 5．大多數現在完成進行時的句子不等同於現在完成時的句子。 例如：I have been writing a book.（動作還將繼續下去） 我一直在寫一本書。 I have written a book.（動作已經完成） 我已經寫了一本書。 They have been building a bridge. 他們一直在造一座橋。 They have built a bridge. 他們造了一座橋。 6．表示狀態的動詞不能用於現在完成進行時。 例如：I have known him for years. 我認識他已經好幾年了。 I have been knowing... 這類不能用於現在完成進行時的動詞還有：love愛，like喜歡， hate討厭，等。 注意：比較過去時與現在完成時 1．過去時表示過去某時發生的動作或單純敘述過去的事情，強調動作；現在完成時為過去發生的，強調過去的事情對現在的影響，強調的是影響。 2．過去時常與具體的時間狀語連用，而現在完成時通常與模糊的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語。 一般過去時的時間狀語: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具體的時間狀語 共同的時間狀語: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 現在完成時的時間狀語 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 不確定的時間狀語 3．現在完成時可表示持續到現在的動作或狀態，動詞一般是延續性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 過去時常用的非持續性動詞有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 例如： I saw this film yesterday. （強調看的動作發生過了。） I have seen this film. （強調對現在的影響，電影的內容已經知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （強調起床的動作已發生過了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （強調有卷子，可能為不公平競爭。） She has returned from Paris. 她已從巴黎回來了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回來了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在團內的狀態可延續) He has been a League member for three years. (是團員的狀態可持續) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入團，joined為短暫行為。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）時，不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。 （錯）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （對）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
六．過去完成時 1． 概念：表示過去的過去 其構成是had +過去分詞構成。 那時以前 那時 現在 2． 用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動詞後的賓語從句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 狀語從句 在過去不同時間發生的兩個動作中，發生在先，用過去完成時；發生在後，用一般過去時。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的動詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3．過去完成時的時間狀語before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 例如：He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 七．現在完成進行時 1．其構成形式如下： I / we / they have been + 動詞的現在分詞 He / she / it has been + 動詞的現在分詞 功用如下： 2． 表示一個在過去開始而在最近剛剛結束的行動，如： Ann is very tired. She has been working hard. Why are you clothes so dirty? What have you been doing? 3．表示一個從過去開始但仍在進行的行動，如： It has been raining for two hours. (現在還在下) Jack hasn』t been feeling very well recently. 4． 表示一個從過去開始延續到現在，可以包括現在在內的一個階段內，重復發生的行動，如： She has been playing tennis since she was eight. 5． 現在完成時強調動作行為的結果、影響，而現在完成進行時只強調動作行為本身，如： Tom』s hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car. The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it. 注意： 現在完成時有否定結構、而現在完成進行時沒有否定結構。 現在完成時態可表示做完的時期以及已有的經驗、但現在完成進行時不可以 現在完成進行時的否定結構 現在完成進行時有時也可用否定結構。 如： Since that unfortunate accident last week, I haven』t been sleeping at all well. 自從上周發生了那次不幸事故之後，我一直睡得很不好. He hasn』t been working for me and I haven』t has that much contact with him. 他並沒有給我工作過，我和他沒有過那許多接觸。 6．否定句構成： 主語+has/have+not+been+現在分詞 7．一般疑問句構成: Have/has+主語+been+現在分詞+其他