2015上海高三英語試卷

Ⅰ 高考英語(上海卷)完型填空真題~~附答案的~~狂賞

Being alone in outer space can be frightening.That is one reason why astronauts on solo(單獨的) space flights were given plenty of work to keep them 45 .They were also in constant communication with people on the earth._ 46 ,being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone.This is what happens on long submarine(潛水艇) voyages.It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future.Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions?
Scientists have studied the reactions of men to one another ring long submarine voyages.They have found that the longer the voyage lasts the more serious the problem of___ 48___ is.When men are 49 together for a long period,they begin to feel uneasy.Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable.In the limited space over a long period of time,however,these little habits may become very 50 .
Apparently,although no one wants to be 51 all the time,everyone needs some degree of privacy.When people are enclosed together,they are in what is called a stress situation.That means that they are under an unusual amount of 52 or stress.
People who are well-adjusted are able to 53 stress situations better than others.That is one reason why so much care is taken in 54 our astronauts.These men undergo a long period of testing and training.One of the things tested is their behaviour under stress.
45.A.tired B.asleep C.conscious D.busy
46.A.So far B.After all C.However D.Therefore
47.A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct
48.A.fuel B.entertainment C.adjustment D.health
49.A.shut up B.held up C.brought up D.picked up
50.A.pleasing B.annoying C.common D.valuable
51.A.noisy B.alone C.personal D.sociable
52.A.emphasis B.conflict C.power D.pressure
53.A.handle B.create C.affect D.investigate
54.A.becoming B.choosing
C.ordering D.promoting

B
One topic is rarely mentioned in all the talk of improving standards in our schools:the almost complete failure of foreign-language teaching.As a French graate who has taught for more than twenty-five years.I believe I have some idea of why the failure is so total. 55 the faults already found out in the ecation system as a whole—such as child-centred learning,the 「」 method,and the low expectations by teachers of pupils—there have been several serious 56 which have a direct effect on language teaching.
The first is the removal from the curriculum(課程) of the thorough teaching of English 57 .Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun,the subject of a sentence from its object,or the difference between the past,present,or future.
Another important error is mixed-ability teaching,or teaching in ability groups so 58 that the most able pupils are 59 and are bored while the least able are lost and 60 bored.
Strangely enough,few head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams.
Progress depends on memory,and pupils start to forget immediately they stop having 61
lessons.This is why many people who attended French lessons at school,even those who got good grades,have forgotten it a few years later. 62 they never need it,they do not practise it.
Most American schools have accepted what is inevitable and 63 modern languages,even Spanish,from the curriculum.Perhaps it is time for Britain to do the same,and stop
64 resources on a subject which few pupils want or need.
55.A.Due to B.In addition to
C.Instead of D.In spite of
56.A.errors B.situations C.systems D.methods
57.A.vocabulary B.culture C.grammar D.literature
58.A.wide B.similar C.separate D.unique
59.A.kept out B.turned down
C.held back D.left behind
60.A.surprisingly B.indivially
C.equally D.hardly
61.A.extra B.traditional C.basic D.regular
62.A.Although B.Because C.Until D.Unless
63.A.restored B.absorbed C.prohibited D.withdrawn
64.A.wasting B.focusing C.exploiting D.sharing
45.答案：D
解析：busy意為「忙碌的」。根據上文中的「...were given plenty of work」可判斷出給他們足夠的工作使他們保持忙碌的狀態。tired意為「疲勞的,累的,疲倦的」。asleep意為「睡著的,睡熟的」。conscious意為「有意識的,有知覺的」。
46.答案：C
解析：however意為「然而,可是」。根據「They were also in constant communication with people on the earth」和「being with people from whom you cannot get away might be even harder than being alone」是轉折關系，所以要用however。so far意為「迄今為止」；after all意為「畢竟」；therefore意為「因此,所以」。
47.答案：A
解析：long意為「長的,長期的」。根據上文中的「This is what happens on long submarine voyages.」可判斷出要用long，表示「對於將來長時間的太空飛行也是這樣。」also意為「也」，fast意為「快速的」；dangerous意為「危險的」；direct意為「直接的」。
48.答案：C
解析：adjustment意為「調整,調節」。根據上文中的「Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions」可判斷出表示航行的時間越長，調節的問題越嚴重。fuel意為「燃料」；entertainment意為「款待,娛樂,娛樂表演」；health意為「健康」。
49.答案：A
解析：shut up意為「關閉,關上」。表示「當把一些人長時間關在一起，他們就開始感覺不舒服」。故選A項。hold up意為「舉起,支撐,繼續下去,阻擋,攔截」；bring up意為「教育,培養」；pick up意為「撿起,獲得」。
50.答案：B
解析：annoying意為「惱人的,討厭的」。根據上文中的「Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable.」可判斷出「當人長時間待在有限的空間內，這些小的習慣就變得令人惱火」。acceptable和annoying含有相反的意味；pleasing意為「令人高興的,愉快的,合意的」；common意為「共同的,公共的,公有的,普通的」；valuable意為「貴重的,有價值的,頗有價值的」。
51.答案：B
解析：alone意為「孤獨的,獨自的」。根據上面兩段的內容可判斷出任何人都不願意孤獨。noisy意為「嘈雜的,聒噪的」；personal意為「私人的,個人的,親自的」；sociable意為「好交際的,友善的,增進友誼的,喜歡群居的」。
52.答案：D
解析：pressure意為「壓,壓力」；表示「這意味著他們處於不正常的壓力和緊張中」。emphasis意為「強調,重點」；conflict意為「斗爭,沖突」；power意為「能力,力量,動力,權力」。
53.答案：A
解析：handle 意為「處理,操作」。表示「自我調節好的人比其他人能夠更好地處理緊張局面」。create意為「創造,創作,引起,造成」；affect意為「影響,感動」；investigate意為「調查,研究」。
54.答案：B
解析：choose意為「選擇,選定」。根據上文中的「People who are well-adjusted are able to handle stress situations better than others」可判斷出要挑選那些自我調節好的人當宇航員。become意為「變成,成為,變得」；order意為「命令,訂購,定製」；promote意為「促進,發揚,提升,提拔,晉升為」。
55.答案：B
解析：in addition to意為「除……之外」，指「除……外還有」，根據句意選B項。e to意為「由於,應歸於」；instead of意為「代替,而不是」；in spite of意為「不管」。
56.答案：A
解析：error意為「錯誤,過失,誤差」。根據第三段「Another important error is mixed-ability teaching」可判斷出有幾個對語言教學產生影響的嚴重錯誤。故選A項。situation意為「情形,境遇」；system意為「系統,體系,制度,體制,秩序,規律,方法」；method意為「方法」。
57.答案：C
解析：grammar意為「語法」。根據下文中的「Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun,the subject of a sentence from its object,or the difference between the past,present,or future.」可判斷出這里指的是語法，因為區分動詞和名詞、主語和賓語、過去時、現在時和將來時都屬於語法問題。vocabulary意為「詞彙,詞彙量,詞表」；culture意為「文化,文明」；literature意為「文學(作品),文藝,著作,文獻」。
58.答案：A
解析：wide意為「寬的,廣闊的」。根據下文中的「the most able pupils are held back and are bored while the least able are lost and equally bored.」可判斷出所教的學生的能力差別太大。similar意為「相似的,類似的」；separate意為「分開的,分離的,個別的,單獨的」；unique意為「唯一的,獨特的」。
59.答案：C
解析：hold back意為「阻止,抑制」。根據上文的內容可判斷出「由於所教學生的能力差別太大，能力最強的學生受到了抑制」。keep out意為「使……在外」；turn down意為「(被)向下折轉,拒絕」；leave behind意為「留下,遺留」。
60.答案：C
解析：equally意為「相等地,平等地,公平地」。根據上文中的「while the least able are lost」可判斷出因為能力最差的學生聽不懂所講的課程，所以他們和能力最強的學生一樣感到無聊。surprisingly意為「令人驚訝地」；indivially意為「個別地」；hardly意為「幾乎不」。
61.答案：D
解析：regular意為「規則的,有秩序的,經常的」。表示「進步依賴於記憶，學生們上完常規的課程很快開始遺忘。regular lessons指「學生在學校學習的課程」；extra意為「額外的」；traditional意為「傳統的,慣例的」；basic意為「基本的」。
62.答案：B
解析：because意為「因為」。they do not practice it與they never need it是因果關系，表示「因為他們需要它，所以也不練習它」。although意為「雖然」；until意為「到……為止,在……以前」；unless意為「如果不,除非」。
63.答案：D
解析：withdraw意為「收回,撤銷，縮回,退出」。表示「大多數美國學校認為這是不可避免的，並從課程表中取消了現代語言，甚至西班牙語」。restore意為「恢復,使回復,歸還,交還,修復,重建」；absorb意為「吸收,吸引」；prohibit意為「禁止,阻止」。
64.答案：A
解析：waste意為「浪費,消耗」。根據上文中的inevitable可判斷出由於學生不學這門語言就會遺忘是一件不可避免的事，所以應該停止浪費學習一門學生們不想學習或不需要學習課程方面所花費的資源。focus意為「調焦,集中」；explore意為「探險,探測,探究」；share意為「分享,均分,共有,分配」。

Ⅱ 2015年高考英語上海卷

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